Are Horn Morphological Patterns Able to Differentiate the Two Closely Related Species Copris klugi Harold and Copris sierrensis Matthews?

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• 作者：A Pizzo ; V Citeroni ; F Mazzone ; M Dellacasa ; C Palestrini
• 关键词：Cephalic horn ; geometric morphometrics ; pronotal horn ; static allometry
• 刊名：Neotropical Entomology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：44
• 期：2
• 页码：153-159
• 全文大小：615 KB
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• 刊物主题：Entomology; Agriculture; Life Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1678-8052

文摘

Several thousand species of beetles evolved impressive, exaggerated horns or horn-like structures. The horn phenotypic patterns and the developmental mechanisms are well documented especially in the Scarabaeidae, the family most predominated by species with horns. The regulation of horn expression appears to be extremely evolutionary labile to the extent that horn allometric patterns have been seen to rapidly diverge between closely related species. For this reason, it has been suggested that horn morphological pattern may be able to differentiate closely related and sibling species even when other traits fail. In this study, we used horn morphological pattern (shape and allometric variation) as a “tool-to evaluate the differentiation of two closely related scarab species, Copris klugi Harold and Copris sierrensis Matthews whose full species status has long been debated due to their high similarity. Combining traditional and geometric morphometric methods, we evidenced that male head horn phenotypic pattern is able to clearly differentiate C. klugi from C. sierrensis, supporting the hypothesis that they are two true species.