Characterization of Atmospheric Bulk Deposition: Implications on the Quality of Rainwater Harvesting Systems in the Semi-Arid City of Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Getachew Redae Taffere ; Abebe Beyene ; Said A. H. Vuai…
• 关键词：Rainwater harvesting ; Principal component analysis ; Atmospheric deposition ; Rainwater quality ; Mekelle city
• 刊名：Environmental Processes
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：3
• 期：1
• 页码：247-261
• 全文大小：992 KB
• 参考文献：Amodio M, Catino S, Dambruoso PR, Gennaro GD, Gilio AD, Giungato P, Giungato E, Laiola A, Marzocca A, Mazzone AS, Tutino M (2014) Atmospheric deposition: sampling procedures, analytical methods, and main recent findings from the scientific literature. Adv Meteorol 27. doi:10.​1155/​2014/​161730
  Bayraktar H, Turalioglu FS (2005) Composition of wet and bulk deposition in Erzurum, Turkey. Chemosphere 59:1537–1546. doi:10.​1016/​j.​chemosphere.​2005.​02.​013 CrossRef
  Belete T (2002) Efforts for sustainable land management in Tigray: the role of extension. in: policies for sustainable land management in the highlands of Tigray. In: PJ BG, Ehui S, Haile M (eds) EPTD workshop summary paper no.14. Summary of papers and procedings of a workshop, vol vol 14. Axum Hotel, Mekelle, pp. 28–29
  Chandra Mouli P, Venkata Mohan S, Reddy SJ (2005) Rainwater chemistry at a regional representative urban site: influence of terrestrial sources on ionic composition. Atmos Environ 39:999–1008. doi:10.​1016/​j.​atmosenv.​2004.​10.​036 CrossRef
  CSA (2007) Summary and statistical report of the 2007 population and housing census results. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia population census commission. Central statistical agency, Addis Ababa
  Demeng K (1995) An evaluation of quality assurance to monitor acid precipitation by using ion balance in Guizhou, China. J Environ Sci 7:368–373
  EANET (2000) Technical manual for wet deposition monitoring in East Asia
  Gebremedhin B (2002) Engineering geological investigation of Mekelle area, Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa
  Gikas GD, Tsihrintzis VA (2012) Assessment of water quality of first-flush roof runoff and harvested rainwater. J Hydrol 466–467:115–126. doi:10.​1016/​j.​jhydrol.​2012.​08.​020 CrossRef
  Giménez-Forcada E (2014) Space/time development of seawater intrusion: A study case in Vinaroz coastal plain (Eastern Spain) using HFE-Diagram, and spatial distribution of hydrochemical facies. J Hydrol 517:617–627. doi:10.​1016/​j.​jhydrol.​2014.​05.​056 CrossRef
  Glass NR (1980) Atmospheric Deposition (Book Reviews: Effects of Acid Precipitation on Terrestrial Ecosystems). Science ( New York, NY) 209:384–385. doi:10.​1126/​science.​209.​4454.​384-a
  Gleick PH (2000) The world’s water 2000–2001, the biennal report on freshwater resources. Island Press, Washington, DC
  Guerzoni S, Rampazzo G, Molinaroli E, Rossini P (2005) Atmospheric bulk deposition to the lagoon of Venice part II. Source apportionment analysis near the industrial zone of Porto Marghera, Italy. Environ Int 31:975–982CrossRef
  Gwenzi W, Nyamadzawo G (2014) Hydrological impacts of urbanization and urban roof water harvesting in water-limited catchments: a review. Environ Process 1:573–593. doi:10.​1007/​s40710-014-0037-3 CrossRef
  Huston R, Chan Y, Gardner T, Shaw G, Chapman H (2009) Characterisation of atmospheric deposition as a source of contaminants in urban rainwater tanks. Water Res 43:1630–1640CrossRef
  Jain M (1999) Multiphase measurements of atmospheric acidity in Delhi region. Ph.D. Thesis, Agra University, Agra (India):1–152
  Jain M, Kulshrestha UC, Sarkar AK, Parashar DC (2000) Influence of crustal aerosols on wet deposition at urban and rural sites in India. Atmos Environ 34:5129–5137. doi:10.​1016/​S1352-2310(00)00350-2 CrossRef
  Khwedim K, Meza-Figueroa D, Hussien LA, RD R’o-S (2015) Trace metals in topsoils near the Babylon cement factory(Euphrates river) and human health risk assessment. Environ Earth Sci 74. doi:10.​1007/​s12665-015-4071-x
  Kumar P, Yadav S, Kumar A (2014) Sources and processes governing rainwater chemistry in New Delhi, India. Nat Hazards 74:2147–2162. doi:10.​1007/​s11069-014-1295-0 CrossRef
  Leitão T, Mota R, Novo M, Lobo-Ferreira J (2014) Combined use of electrical resistivity tomography and hydrochemical data to assess anthropogenic impacts on water quality of a karstic region: a case study from querença-silves, south Portugal. Environ Process 1:43–57. doi:10.​1007/​s40710-014-0002-1 CrossRef
  Mackie A, Boilard S, Walsh ME, Lake CB (2010) Physicochemical characterization of cement kiln dust for potential reuse in acidic wastewater treatment. J Hazard Mater 173:283–291. doi:10.​1016/​j.​jhazmat.​2009.​08.​081 CrossRef
  Melidis P, Akratos CS, Tsihrintzis VA, Trikilidou E (2007) Characterization of rain and roof drainage water quality in Xanthi, Greece. Environ Monit Assess 127:15–27. doi:10.​1007/​s10661-006-9254-1 CrossRef
  Migliavacca D, Teixeira EC, Wiegand F, Machado ACM, Sanchez J (2005) Atmospheric precipitation and chemical composition of an urban site, Guaíba hydrographic basin, Brazil. Atmos Environ 39:1829–1844. doi:10.​1016/​j.​atmosenv.​2004.​12.​005 CrossRef
  Morrow AC, Dunstan RH, Coombes PJ (2010) Elemental composition at different points of the rainwater harvesting system. Sci Total Environ 408:4542–4548. doi:10.​1016/​j.​scitotenv.​2010.​07.​002 CrossRef
  Orndorff ZW, Daniels WL, Fanning DS (2008) Reclamation of acid sulfate soils using lime-stabilized biosolids. J Environ Qual 37:1447–1455. doi:10.​2134/​jeq2007.​0206 CrossRef
  Rijsberman F (2006) Water scarcity:fFact or fiction? Agric Water Manag 80(1–3):5–22CrossRef
  Salve PR, Maurya A, Wate SR, Devotta S (2008) Chemical composition of major ions in rainwater. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 80:242–246. doi:10.​1007/​s00128-007-9353-x CrossRef
  Santolaria Z, Arruebo T, Urieta JS, Lanaja FJ, Pardo A, Matesanz J, Rodriguez-Casals C (2015) Hydrochemistry dynamics in remote mountain lakes and its relation to catchment and atmospheric features: the case study of Sabocos Tarn, Pyrenees. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22:231–247. doi:10.​1007/​s11356-014-3310-0 CrossRef
  Sanz MJ, Carratalá A, Gimeno C, Millán MM (2002) Atmospheric nitrogen deposition on the east coast of Spain: relevance of dry deposition in semi-arid Mediterranean regions. Environ Pollut 118:259–272. doi:10.​1016/​S0269-7491(01)00318-9 CrossRef
  Saxena A, Kulshrestha UC, Kumar N, Kumari KM, Srivastava SS (1996) Characterization of precipitation at Agra. Atmos Environ 30:3405–3412. doi:10.​1016/​1352-2310(96)00049-0 CrossRef
  Saxena A, Kulshrestha UC, Kumar N, Kumari KM, Prakash S, Srivastava SS (1997) Dry deposition of sulphate and nitrate to polypropylene surfaces in a semi-arid area of India. Atmos Environ 31:2361–2366. doi:10.​1016/​S1352-2310(97)00052-6 CrossRef
  Singh KP, Singh VK, Malik A, Sharma N, Murthy RC, Kumar R (2007) Hydrochemistry of wet atmospheric precipitation over an urban area in northern indo-gangetic plains. Environ Monit Assess 131:237–254. doi:10.​1007/​s10661-006-9472-6 CrossRef
  Špirić Z, Frontasyeva M, Steinnes E, Stafilov T (2012) Multi-element atmospheric deposition study in Croatia. Int J Environ Anal Chem 92(10):1200–1214. doi:10.​1080/​03067319.​2011.​561336 CrossRef
  Statheropoulos M, Vassiliadis N, Pappa A (1998) Principal component and canonical correlation analysis for examining air pollution and meteorological data. Atmos Environ 32:1087–1095. doi:10.​1016/​S1352-2310(97)00377-4 CrossRef
  Taffere G, Beyene A, Vuai S, Gasana J, Sileshi Y (2015) Location and time-specific investigation of roof rainwater quality is important to safeguard public health. Desalin Water Treat. doi:10.​1080/​19443994.​2015.​1107757
  Tahir M, Imam E, Hussain T (2013) Evaluation of land use/land cover changes in Mekelle City, Ethiopia using remote sensing and GIS. Comput Ecol Softw 3:9–16
  Texas Water Development Board (2005). The Texas manual on rainwater harvesting, Third Edition
  Tom H, Haileyesus W (2002) Building - stones of Ethiopia. ETHIONOR. Grytting A/S, Norway
  WHO (2011) Guideline for drinking water quality. World Health Organization
  Xiao H-W, Xiao H-Y, Long A-M, Wang Y-L, Liu C-Q (2013) Chemical composition and source apportionment of rainwater at Guiyang, SW China. J Atmos Chem 70:269–281. doi:10.​1007/​s10874-013-9268-3 CrossRef
  Xu H et al. (2011) Chemical composition of precipitation and its sources in Hangzhou, China. Environ Monit Assess 183:581–592. doi:10.​1007/​s10661-011-1963-4 CrossRef
  Zhang M, Wang S, Wu F, Yuan X, Zhang Y (2007) Chemical compositions of wet precipitation and anthropogenic influences at a developing urban site in southeastern China. Atmos Res 84:311–322. doi:10.​1605/​01.​301-0001779400.​2007 CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Getachew Redae Taffere (1) (2)
  Abebe Beyene (3)
  Said A. H. Vuai (4)
  Janvier Gasana (5)
  Yilma Seleshi (6)
  
  1. Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 150461, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  2. Department of Public and Environmental Health, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
  3. Department of Environmental Health Science & Technology, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
  4. School of Mathematical Sciences, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania
  5. Environmental and Occupational Health/Epidemiology/Medicine, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, AHC5–350 11200 SW 8 St., Miami, FL, 33199, USA
  6. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, AAiT, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 385, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  
• 刊物类别：Environmental Science and Engineering; Environmental Management; Waste Management/Waste Technology;
• 刊物主题：Environmental Science and Engineering; Environmental Management; Waste Management/Waste Technology; Water Quality/Water Pollution;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：2198-7505

文摘

It is estimated that about 1.2 billion people, mostly in arid and semi-arid regions of the Middle East and Africa, live in regions where water is physically scarce. Recently, rainwater harvesting and more effective water storage are suggested as important means for investment to cope against water scarcity and as an adaption to climate change. Cognizant of this fact, contribution of atmospheric deposition contaminant to rainwater harvesting systems, in the semi-arid city of Mekelle was investigated at four locations (industrial, commercial, traffic and residential areas). A total of 24 bulk samples were collected during the rainy season from May to September 2014. Physicochemical water quality analysis was performed following standard protocols. The results revealed that alkaline pH (6.95–10.29) was recorded in all the locations, with a mean pH of 8.11. The major ions analysis indicated the dominance of bicarbonates and carbonate types and to some extent sulfate and chloride type mixtures justifying the source of alkaline pH. Mean concentrations of ions follow the order of SO₄ 2−> Ca2+ > Mg2+ > CI−> NO₃ −> Na+ > NH₄ + > K. Correlation between SO₄ 2− and NO₃ − (r = 0.436), and Mg2+ and K+ (r = 0.707) suggested their anthropogenic and crustal origin, respectively, while the correlation between NH₄ + with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ascribed their role in alkalization of the rainwater. Moreover, principal component analysis showed spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric bulk components in the study area. Thus, this primary investigation demonstrated that atmospheric bulk deposition might pose public health risk due to poor rainwater quality in Mekelle city. Therefore, development of rainwater harvesting systems for semi-arid urban centers should be supplemented with low-cost water treatment technologies.