Coal bursts in the deep longwall mines of the United States

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• 作者：Christopher Mark
• 关键词：Underground mining ; Coal ; Burst ; Longwall ; Strata control
• 刊名：International Journal of Coal Science & Technology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：3
• 期：1
• 页码：1-9
• 全文大小：1,532 KB
• 刊物类别：Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture); Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences; Mineralogy;
• 刊物主题：Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture); Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences; Mineralogy;
• 出版者：China Coal Society
• ISSN：2198-7823

文摘

Coal bursts involve the sudden, violent ejection of coal or rock into the mine workings. They are a particular hazard because they typically occur without warning. During the past 2 years three US coal miners were killed in two coal bursts, following a 6-year period during which there were zero burst fatalities. This paper puts the US experience in the context of worldwide research into coal bursts. It focuses on two major longwall mining coalfields which have struggled with bursts for decades. The Utah experience displays many of the “classic” burst characteristics, including deep cover, strong roof and floor rock, and a direct association between bursts and mining activity. In Colorado, the longwalls of the North Fork Valley (NFV) also work at great depth, but their roof and floor strengths are moderate, and most bursts have occurred during entry development or in headgates, bleeders, or other outby locations. The NFV bursts also are more likely to be associated with geologic structures and large magnitude seismic events. The paper provides a detailed case history to illustrate the experience in each of these coalfields. The paper closes with a brief discussion of how US longwalls have managed the burst risk.