αv integrins: key regulators of tissue fibrosis

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• 作者：Kylie P. Conroy ; Laura J. Kitto ; Neil C. Henderson
• 关键词：Integrins ; Fibrosis ; TGFβ ; Extracellular matrix ; Myofibroblasts
• 刊名：Cell and Tissue Research
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：September 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：365
• 期：3
• 页码：511-519
• 全文大小：654 KB
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Human Genetics
  Proteomics
  Molecular Medicine
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0878
• 卷排序：365

文摘

Chronic tissue injury with fibrosis results in the disruption of tissue architecture, organ dysfunction and eventual organ failure. Therefore, the development of effective anti-fibrotic therapies is urgently required. During fibrogenesis, complex interplay occurs between cellular and extracellular matrix components of the wound healing response. Integrins, a family of transmembrane cell adhesion molecules, play a key role in mediating intercellular and cell-matrix interactions. Thus, integrins provide a major node of communication between the extracellular matrix, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts and parenchymal cells and, as such, are intimately involved in the initiation, maintenance and resolution of tissue fibrosis. Modulation of members of the αv integrin family has exhibited profound effects on fibrosis in multiple organs and disease states. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the mechanisms of αv-integrin-mediated regulation of fibrogenesis and show that the therapeutic targeting of specific αv integrins represents a promising avenue to treat patients with a broad range of fibrotic diseases.