Comparison of Diagrams in Producing and Understanding Hierarchies in Three Different Application Domains

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• 关键词：Hierarchies ; Diagrams ; Trees ; Indentation ; Nested parentheses ; Construction ; Comprehension ; Conventions
• 刊名：Lecture Notes in Computer Science
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：9781
• 期：1
• 页码：272-279
• 全文大小：606 KB
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• 作者单位：Leonie Bosveld-de Smet (16)
  Robert-Jan Verheggen (16)
  
  16. Department of Information Science, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
  
• 丛书名：Diagrammatic Representation and Inference
• ISBN：978-3-319-42333-3
• 刊物类别：Computer Science
• 刊物主题：Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
  Computer Communication Networks
  Software Engineering
  Data Encryption
  Database Management
  Computation by Abstract Devices
  Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1611-3349
• 卷排序：9781

文摘

We compare diagrammatic representations of hierarchically ordered information in three different well-known application domains: organizational structure, folder and file structure, and calculation order in arithmetic expressions. Although there exists a natural link between hierarchies and trees, the diagrams conventionally associated with these domains are the tree diagram, indentation, and nested parentheses, respectively. To investigate the effects of inherent natural correspondence and convention on the production and comprehension of hierarchies, an experiment was set up. The results show that participants prefer tree representations for visualizing hierarchical structure of organizations and folders, but don’t construct trees for visualizing arithmetic hierarchy. In comprehension, differences were observed between the three interfaces for both response accuracy and response time. Trees performed best on accuracy. Parentheses took most time to process. When used in their conventional domain nested parentheses performed best. For trees and indentation, the results are less clear.