Assessing biodiversity integrity for the conservation of grazed and burnt grassland systems: avian field metabolic rates as a rapid assessment tool

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• 作者：Ian T. Little ; Philip A. R. Hockey ; Raymond Jansen
• 关键词：Birds ; Conservation ; Fire ; Nesting success ; Indicator ; Field metabolic rate
• 刊名：Biodiversity & Conservation
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：24
• 期：6
• 页码：1443-1471
• 全文大小：738 KB
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• 作者单位：Ian T. Little (1) (3) (4)
  Philip A. R. Hockey (2)
  Raymond Jansen (2)
  
  1. Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa
  3. Endangered Wildlife Trust, Building K2, Ardeer Road, Pinelands Office Park Modderfontein, Johannesburg, 1645, South Africa
  4. 3 Sangster Road, Howick, 3290, South Africa
  2. Department of Environmental, Water and Earth Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, South Africa
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Evolutionary Biology
  Plant Sciences
  Tree Biology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-9710

文摘

The South African grassland system is home to over 3,300 plant species, 15 of the country’s 34 endemic mammal species, 12 of the 40 endemic bird species (four of which are globally threatened) and five RAMSAR wetland sites. To assess and address the ecological integrity of farmed grasslands we used process-oriented techniques, including nesting success and field metabolic rates (FMR) of birds, and an adaptation of the multi-taxon biodiversity intactness index (BII) using plant, arthropod and bird diversity data which is a comprehensive tool for assessing ecological integrity using multiple taxonomic groups. Current pastoral management practices have a significant detrimental effect on avian abundance, species richness, nest density and fledgling output. Overall energy turnover and BII values confirm the importance of conserved areas for birds in moist highland grassland systems and support the need for further conservation efforts in grassland systems by both private landowners and reserve managers. Findings based on both avian FMRs and the BII in this study were found to be comparable, lending support to the use of FMR as a rapid assessment technique for assessing ecosystem integrity for future studies of this nature. Scenarios of potential biodiversity improvement with changes in fire management regimes are also presented.