Postoperative wound infection after posterior spinal instrumentation: analysis of long-term treatment outcomes

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• 作者：Shih-Hao Chen ; Chen-Hsiang Lee ; Kuo-Chin Huang ; Pang-Hsin Hsieh…
• 关键词：Postoperative spinal implant infection ; Spondylodiscitis ; Pseudarthrosis ; Screw peridiscal erosion
• 刊名：European Spine Journal
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：24
• 期：3
• 页码：561-570
• 全文大小：736 KB
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• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Surgical Orthopedics
  Neurosurgery
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0932

文摘

Purpose Postoperative spinal implant infection (PSII) places patients at risk for pseudarthrosis, correction loss, spondylodiscitis, adverse neurological sequelae, and even death; however, prognostic factors that predict long-term treatment outcomes have not been clearly investigated. In addition, few studies concerning the feasibility of reconstructing the failed spinal events have been published. Methods We performed a cohort study of 51 patients who contracted PSII in the posterolateral thoracolumbar region at a single tertiary center between March 1997 and May 2007. Forty-seven patients (92.2?%) had one or more medical problems. Isolated bacterial species, infection severity, treatment timing, and hosts-defense response were evaluated to assess their relationship with management outcomes. The use of implant salvage, or removal subsequent with a revision strategy depended on the patient’s general conditions, infection control, and implant status for fusion. Results The most common infective culprit was Staphylococcus spp. found in 35 of 60 (58.3?%) isolates, including 20 methicillin-resistant species. Gram-negative bacilli and polymicrobial infection were found significantly in patients presenting early-onset, deep-site infection and myonecrosis. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive therapy were responsible for implant preservation in 41 of 51 cases (80.4?%), while implant removal noted in 10 cases (19.6?%) was attributed to delayed treatment and uncontrolled infection with implant loosening, correction loss, or late infection with spondylodesis. The number of employed debridements alone was not significantly correlated with successful implant preservation. Delayed treatment for infection >3?months significantly led to implant removal (p? Conclusions Retention of the mechanically sound implants in early-onset infection permits fusion to occur, while delayed treatment, severe malnutrition and multiple comorbidities will most likely result in a lack of effectiveness in eradicating the infecting pathogens. Restoring optimal physiological conditions is imperative in high-risk patients to allow for further healing. When loosened screws cause peridiscal erosion and incapacitating motion pain, premature implant removal possibly results in failed fusion and correction loss. Reconstruction for a failed spinal event is feasible following infection control.