Timing of multiple hydrothermal events in the iron oxide–copper–gold deposits of the Southern Copper Belt, Carajás Province, Brazil

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• 作者：Carolina P. N. Moreto ; Lena V. S. Monteiro ; Roberto P. Xavier…
• 关键词：IOCG deposits ; Carajás Province ; Bacaba deposit ; Bacuri deposit ; U–Pb geochronology ; Re–Os geochronology
• 刊名：Mineralium Deposita
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：50
• 期：5
• 页码：517-546
• 全文大小：19,490 KB
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• 作者单位：Carolina P. N. Moreto (1) (2)
  Lena V. S. Monteiro (2)
  Roberto P. Xavier (1)
  Robert A. Creaser (3)
  S. Andrew DuFrane (3)
  Gustavo H. C. Melo (1)
  Marco A. Delinardo da Silva (1)
  Colombo C. G. Tassinari (2)
  Kei Sato (2)
  
  1. Geoscience Institute, University of Campinas, Caixa Postal 6152, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
  2. Geoscience Institute, University of S?o Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562, 05508-080, S?o Paulo, SP, Brazil
  3. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geology
  Mineral Resources
  Mineralogy
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1866

文摘

The Southern Copper Belt, Carajás Province, Brazil, hosts several iron oxide–copper–gold (IOCG) deposits, including Sossego, Cristalino, Alvo 118, Bacuri, Bacaba, Castanha, and Visconde. Mapping and U–Pb sensitive high-resolution ion?microprobe (SHRIMP) IIe zircon geochronology allowed the characterization of the host rocks, situated within regional WNW–ESE shear zones. They encompass Mesoarchean (3.08-.85?Ga) TTG orthogneiss, granites, and remains of greenstone belts, Neoarchean (ca. 2.74?Ga) granite, shallow-emplaced porphyries, and granophyric granite coeval with gabbro, and Paleoproterozoic (1.88?Ga) porphyry dykes. Extensive hydrothermal zones include albite–scapolite, biotite–scapolite–tourmaline–magnetite alteration, and proximal potassium feldspar, chlorite–epidote and chalcopyrite formation. U–Pb laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) analysis of ore-related monazite and Re–Os NTIMS analysis of molybdenite suggest multiple Neoarchean (2.76 and 2.72-.68?Ga) and Paleoproterozoic (2.06?Ga) hydrothermal events at the Bacaba and Bacuri deposits. These results, combined with available geochronological data from the literature, indicate recurrence of hydrothermal systems in the Southern Copper Belt, including 1.90-.88-Ga ore formation in the Sossego–Curral ore bodies and the Alvo 118 deposit. Although early hydrothermal evolution at 2.76?Ga points to fluid migration coeval with the Carajás Basin formation, the main episode of IOCG genesis (2.72-.68?Ga) is related to basin inversion coupled with Neoarchean (ca. 2.7?Ga) felsic magmatism. The data suggest that the IOCG deposits in the Southern Copper Belt and those in the Northern Copper Belt (2.57-Ga Salobo and Igarapé Bahia–Alem?o deposits) do not share a common metallogenic evolution. Therefore, the association of all IOCG deposits of the Carajás Province with a single extensive hydrothermal system is precluded.