New and unusual forms of calcium oxalate raphide crystals in the plant kingdom

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• 作者：Vijayasankar Raman (1)
  Harry T. Horner (2)
  Ikhlas A. Khan (1) (3) (4)
  
• 关键词：Anatomy ; Calcium oxalate crystals ; Dioscorea polystachya ; Light microscopy ; Raphides ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Yams
• 刊名：Journal of Plant Research
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：November 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：127
• 期：6
• 页码：721-730
• 全文大小：2,745 KB
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  18. Horner HT, Whitmoyer RE (1972) Raphide crystal cell development in leaves of / Psychotria / punctata (Rubiaceae). J Cell Sci 11:339-55
  19. Horner HT, Kausch AP, Wagner BL (2000) Ascorbic acid: a precursor of oxalate in crystal idioblasts of / Yucca torreyi in liquid root culture. Int J Plant Sci 161:861-68 CrossRef
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  21. Kausch AP, Horner HT (1982) A comparison of calcium oxalate crystals isolated from callus cultures and their expl
• 作者单位：Vijayasankar Raman (1)
  Harry T. Horner (2)
  Ikhlas A. Khan (1) (3) (4)
  
  1. National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
  2. Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology and Microscopy and NanoImaging Facility, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011-1020, USA
  3. Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
  4. Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  
• ISSN：1618-0860

文摘

Calcium oxalate crystals in higher plants occur in five major forms namely raphides, styloids, prisms, druses and crystal sand. The form, shape and occurrence of calcium oxalate crystals in plants are species- and tissue-specific, hence the presence or absence of a particular type of crystal can be used as a taxonomic character. So far, four different types of needle-like raphide crystals have been reported in plants. The present work describes two new and unusual forms of raphide crystals from the tubers of Dioscorea polystachya—six-sided needles with pointed ends (Type V) and four-sided needles with beveled ends (Type VI). Both of these new types of needles are distinct from the other four types by each having a surrounding membrane that envelopes a bundle of 10-0 closely packed thin crystalline sheets. The previously known four types of needles have solid or homogenous crystalline material, surrounded by a membrane or lamellate sheath called a crystal chamber. Only the Type VI crystals have beveled ends and the needles of the other five types have pointed ends.