Neural mechanisms underlying the exploration of small city maps using magnetoencephalography

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• 作者：Sofia Sakellaridi ; Peka Christova ; Vassilios Christopoulos…
• 关键词：Spatial decision making ; Eye fixations ; Map reading ; Magnetoencephalography
• 刊名：Experimental Brain Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：233
• 期：11
• 页码：3187-3200
• 全文大小：1,935 KB
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• 作者单位：Sofia Sakellaridi (1) (2) (3)
  Peka Christova (2) (4)
  Vassilios Christopoulos (5)
  Arthur C. Leuthold (2) (4)
  John Peponis (6)
  Apostolos P. Georgopoulos (1) (2) (4)
  
  1. Center for Cognitive Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
  2. Brain Sciences Center (11B), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VAHCS, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
  3. Department of Neurobiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
  4. Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
  5. Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
  6. School of Architecture, College of Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Neurosciences
  Neurology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1106

文摘

The neural mechanisms underlying spatial cognition in the context of exploring realistic city maps are unknown. We conducted a novel brain imaging study to address the question of whether and how features of special importance for map exploration are encoded in the brain to make a spatial decision. Subjects explored by eyes small city maps exemplifying five different street network types in order to locate a hypothetical City Hall, while neural activity was recorded continuously by 248 magnetoencephalography (MEG) sensors at high temporal resolution. Monitoring subjects’ eye positions, we locally characterized the maps by computing three spatial parameters of the areas that were explored. We computed the number of street intersections, the total street length, and the regularity index in the circular areas of 6 degrees of visual angle radius centered on instantaneous eye positions. We tested the hypothesis that neural activity during exploration is associated with the spatial parameters and modulated by street network type. All time series were rendered stationary and nonautocorrelated by applying an autoregressive integrated moving average model and taking the residuals. We then assessed the associations between the prewhitened time-varying MEG time series from 248 sensors and the prewhitened spatial parameters time series, for each street network type, using multiple linear regression analyses. In accord with our hypothesis, ongoing neural activity was strongly associated with the spatial parameters through localized and distributed networks, and neural processing of these parameters depended on the type of street network. Overall, processing of the spatial parameters seems to predominantly involve right frontal and prefrontal areas, but not for all street network layouts. These results are in line with findings from a series of previous studies showing that frontal and prefrontal areas are involved in the processing of spatial information and decision making. Modulation of neural processing of the spatial parameters by street network type suggests that some street network layouts may contain other types of spatial information that subjects use to explore maps and make spatial decisions.