The role of authigenic sulfides in immobilization of potentially toxic metals in the Bagno Bory wetland, southern Poland

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• 作者：Beata Smieja-Król ; Janusz Janeczek…
• 关键词：Wetland ; Metal sulfide ; Biomineralization ; Redox disequilibrium
• 刊名：Environmental Science and Pollution Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：22
• 期：20
• 页码：15495-15505
• 全文大小：1,300 KB
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• 作者单位：Beata Smieja-Król (1)
  Janusz Janeczek (1)
  Arkadiusz Bauerek (2)
  Ingunn H. Thorseth (3)
  
  1. Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, B?dzińska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
  2. Department of Environmental Monitoring, Central Mining Institute, Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166, Katowice, Poland
  3. Centre for Geobiology and Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007, Bergen, Norway
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
  Waste Water Technology, Water Pollution Control, Water Management and Aquatic Pollution
  Industrial Pollution Prevention
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1614-7499

文摘

The supply of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, and Tl into a wetland in the industrial area of Upper Silesia, southern Poland via atmospheric precipitation and dust deposition has been counterbalanced by the biogenic metal sulfide crystallization in microsites of the thin (<30 cm) peat layer, despite the overall oxidative conditions in the wetland. Disequilibrium of the redox reactions in the peat pore water (pH 5.4-.2) caused by sulfate-reducing microorganisms has resulted in the localized decrease in Eh and subsequent precipitation of micron- and submicron-sized framboidal pyrite, spheroidal ZnS and (Zn,Cd)S, and galena as revealed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Saturation index for each sulfide is at a maximum within the calculated Eh range of ?0 and ?46 mV. Lead was also immobilized in galena deposited in fungal filaments, possibly at a higher Eh. Thallium (up to 3 mg kg?) in the peat strongly correlates with Zn, whereas Cu (up to 55 mg kg?) co-precipitated with Pb. The metal sulfides occur within microbial exudates, which protect them from oxidation and mechanical displacement. Vertical distribution of toxic metals in the peat layer reflects differences in pollution loads from atmospheric deposition, which has been much reduced recently. Keywords Wetland Metal sulfide Biomineralization Redox disequilibrium