文摘
Novel dual-responsive superhydrophobic hybrid materials, ZnO/SAMs (self-assembled monolayers) of ionic liquids (ILs) with different counter-anions (I?/sup>, BF4 ?/sup>, PF6 ?/sup> and Tf2N?/sup>), were synthesized and characterized. ZnO nanoparticles were first deposited on glass surfaces to produce roughness. Next, SAMs of fluorinated-alkyl-3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)-4,5-dihydro-imidazoli-umiodide (abb. [C8Ftespim]I) were grafted onto these surfaces via -Si-O- covalent bonds using self-assembly technique. The I?/sup> ion could be subsequently exchanged with BF4 ?/sup>, PF6 ?/sup> or Tf2N?/sup> through a simple aqueous anion-exchange reaction. The ZnO/ILs hybrid layers were characterized by atomic-force microscopy (AFM), scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Their wettability was estimated through the measurements of static and dynamic contact angles (CAs). Compared to corresponding films of ZnO/[C8Ftespim]I with CAs 140.7 ± 2.0°, films of ZnO/[C8Ftespim]PF6 and ZnO/[C8Ftespim]Tf2N showed CAs with 154.0 ± 2.0° and 152.0 ± 2.0°, respectively that remained for a long time. This result suggests that anion-exchange can afford superhydrophobic materials. In addition, the wettability of ZnO/[C8Ftespim]X hybrid layers can be reversibly switched by altering ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and dark storage, which shows a photo-induced reversible switch of wettability. The synergistic action of ZnO nanoparticles and SAMs of ILs produced light-anion dual-responsive superhydrophobic materials with ideal stability.