Role of antioxidant enzymes and small molecular weight antioxidants in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
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- 作者：Paulina Tokarz ; Kai Kaarniranta ; Janusz Blasiak
- 关键词：AMD ; Oxidative stress ; Antioxidant enzymes ; Small molecular weight antioxidants ; ROS ; Retinal pigment epithelium
- 刊名：Biogerontology
- 出版年：2013
- 出版时间：October 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：14
- 期：5
- 页码：461-482
- 全文大小：448KB
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Kai Kaarniranta (2) (3)
Janusz Blasiak (1)
1. Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
2. Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
3. Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland - ISSN：1573-6768
文摘
Cells in aerobic condition are constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may induce damage to biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. In normal circumstances, the amount of ROS is counterbalanced by cellular antioxidant defence, with its main components—antioxidant enzymes, DNA repair and small molecular weight antioxidants. An imbalance between the production and neutralization of ROS by antioxidant defence is associated with oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many age-related and degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), affecting the macula—the central part of the retina. The retina is especially prone to oxidative stress due to high oxygen pressure and exposure to UV and blue light promoting ROS generation. Because oxidative stress has an established role in AMD pathogenesis, proper functioning of antioxidant defence may be crucial for the occurrence and progression of this disease. Antioxidant enzymes play a major role in ROS scavenging and changes of their expression or/and activity are reported to be associated with AMD. Therefore, the enzymes in the retina along with their genes may constitute a perspective target in AMD prevention and therapy.