More than just one: multiplicity of Hirudins and Hirudin-like Factors in the Medicinal Leech, Hirudo medicinalis

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• 作者：Christian Müller ; Katharina Mescke ; Stephanie Liebig…
• 关键词：Hirudo medicinalis ; Hirudin ; Blood coagulation ; Gene structure
• 刊名：Molecular Genetics and Genomics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：291
• 期：1
• 页码：227-240
• 全文大小：2,319 KB
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• 作者单位：Christian Müller (1)
  Katharina Mescke (1)
  Stephanie Liebig (1)
  Hala Mahfoud (2)
  Sarah Lemke (1)
  Jan-Peter Hildebrandt (1)
  
  1. Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Zoological Institute and Museum, Ernst Moritz Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany
  2. Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Cell Biology
  Biochemistry
  Microbial Genetics and Genomics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1617-4623

文摘

Blood-sucking leeches like the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis, have been used for medical purposes since ancient times. During feeding, medicinal leeches transfer a broad range of bioactive substances into the host’s wound to prevent premature hemostasis and blood coagulation. Hirudin is probably the best known of these substances. Despite its long history of investigation, recombinant production and clinical use, there still exist conflicting data regarding the primary structure of hirudin. Entirely unclear is the potential biological significance of three different subtypes and many isoforms of hirudins that have been characterized so far. Furthermore, there is only incomplete information on their cDNA sequences and no information at all on gene structures and DNA sequences are available in the databases. Our efforts to fill these gaps revealed the presence of multiple hirudin-encoding genes in the genome of Hirudo medicinalis. We have strong evidence for the expression of all three subtypes of hirudin within individual leeches and for the expression of additional hirudins or hirudin-like factors that may have different biological functions and may be promising candidates for new drugs. Keywords Hirudo medicinalis Hirudin Blood coagulation Gene structure