Organic nitrogen in PM2.5 in Beijing

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Qian Zhang ; Fengkui Duan ; Kebin He…
• 关键词：organic nitrogen ; N ; C ratio ; secondary ; day and night variation ; relative humidity (RH) ; acidity
• 刊名：Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：9
• 期：6
• 页码：1004-1014
• 全文大小：1,426 KB
• 参考文献：1.Yang F, Tan J, Zhao Q, Du Z, He K, Ma Y, Duan F, Chen G, Zhao Q. Characteristics of PM2.5 speciation in representative megacities and across China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2011, 11(11): 5207-219CrossRef
  2.He K, Yang F, Ma Y, Zhang Q, Yao X, Chan C K, Cadle S, Chan T, Mulawa P. The characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing, China. Atmospheric Environment, 2001, 35(29): 4959-970CrossRef
  3.Cape J N, Cornell S E, Jickells T D, Nemitz E. Organic nitrogen in the atmosphere—Where does it come from? A review of sources and methods. Atmospheric Research, 2011, 102(1-): 30-8CrossRef
  4.Qiu C, Zhang R. Multiphase chemistry of atmospheric amines. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2013, 15(16): 5738-752CrossRef
  5.?zel M Z, Hamilton J F, Lewis A C. New sensitive and quantitative analysis method for organic nitrogen compounds in urban aerosol samples. Environmental Science & Technology, 2011, 45(4): 1497-505CrossRef
  6.Seitzinger S P, Sanders R W. Atmospheric inputs of dissolved organic nitrogen stimulate estuarine bacteria and phytoplankton. Limnology and Oceanography, 1999, 44(3): 721-30CrossRef
  7.Jickells T, Baker A R, Cape J N, Cornell S E, Nemitz E. The cycling of organic nitrogen through the atmosphere. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 2013, 368(1621): 20130115CrossRef
  8.Kanakidou M, Duce R A, Prospero J M, Baker A R, Benitez-Nelson C, Dentener F J, Hunter K A, Liss P S, Mahowald N, Okin G S, Sarin M, Tsigaridis K, Uematsu M, Zamora L M, Zhu T. Atmospheric fluxes of organic N and P to the global ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2012, 26(3): GB3026CrossRef
  9.Cornell S E. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition: revisiting the question of the importance of the organic component. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(10): 2214-222CrossRef
  10.Zhang Q, Anastasio C. Chemistry of fog waters in California’s Central Valley—Part 3: concentrations and speciation of organic and inorganic nitrogen. Atmospheric Environment, 2001, 35(32): 5629-643CrossRef
  11.Ge X L, Wexler A S, Clegg S L. Atmospheric amines—Part I. A review. Atmospheric Environment, 2011, 45(3): 524-46CrossRef
  12.Miyazaki Y, Kawamura K, Sawano M. Size distributions of organic nitrogen and carbon in remote marine aerosols: Evidence of marine biological origin based on their isotopic ratios. Geophysical Research Letters, 2010, 37(6): L06803CrossRef
  13.Russell K M, Keene W C, Maben J R, Galloway J N, Moody J L. Phase partitioning and dry deposition of atmospheric nitrogen at the mid-Atlantic U.S. coast. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2003, 108(D21): 4656, ACH-1-1-ACH-1-16CrossRef
  14.Zhang Q, Anastasio C. Conversion of fogwater and aerosol organic nitrogen to ammonium, nitrate, and NOx during exposure to simulated sunlight and ozone. Environmental Science & Technology, 2003, 37(16): 3522-530CrossRef
  15.Bruns E A, Perraud V, Zelenyuk A, Ezell M J, Johnson S N, Yu Y, Imre D, Finlayson-Pitts B J, Alexander M L. Comparison of FTIR and particle mass spectrometry for the measurement of particulate organic nitrates. Environmental Science & Technology, 2010, 44(3): 1056-061CrossRef
  16.Rollins A W. Formation mechanisms and quantification of organic nitrates in atmospheric aerosol. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Berkeley: UC Berkeley, 2010
  17.Day D A, Wooldridge P J, Dillon M B, Thornton J A, Cohen R C. A thermal dissociation laser-induced fluorescence instrument for in situ detection of NO2, peroxy nitrates, alkyl nitrates, and HNO3. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2002, 107(D6): 4046, ACH 4-1-ACH 4-14CrossRef
  18.Rollins A W, Browne E C, Min K E, Pusede S E, Wooldridge P J, Gentner D R, Goldstein A H, Liu S, Day D A, Russell LM, Cohen R C. Evidence for NOx control over nighttime SOA formation. Nature, 2012, 337(6099): 1210-212
  19.Day D A, Dillion M B, Wooldridge P J, Thornton J A, Rosen R S, Wood E C, Cohen R C. On alkyl nitrates, O3, and the “missing NOy- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2003, 108(D16): 4501, ACH-7-1-ACH-7-10CrossRef
  20.Nakamura T, Ogawa H, Maripi D K, Uematsu M. Contribution of water soluble organic nitrogen to total nitrogen in marine aerosols over the East China Sea and western North Pacific. Atmospheric Environment, 2006, 40(37): 7259-264CrossRef
  21.Zhang Y, Zheng L, Liu X, Jickells T, Neil Cape J, Goulding K, Fangmeier A, Zhang F. Evidence for organic N deposition and its anthropogenic sources in China. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42(5): 1035-041CrossRef
  22.Duan F, Liu X, He K, Dong S. Measurements and characteristics of nitrogen-containing compounds in atmospheric particulate matter in Beijing, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2009, 82(3): 332-37CrossRef
  23.Shi J, Gao H, Qi J, Zhang J, Yao X. Sources, compositions, and distributions of water-soluble organic nitrogen in aerosols over the China Sea. Journal of Geophy
• 作者单位：Qian Zhang (1)
  Fengkui Duan (1)
  Kebin He (1)
  Yongliang Ma (1)
  Haiyan Li (1)
  Takashi Kimoto (2)
  Aihua Zheng (3)
  
  1. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
  2. Kimoto Electric Co. Ltd., Funahashi-Cho, Tennouji-Ku, Osaka, 543-0024, Japan
  3. Analysis and Testing Center of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
  
• 刊物主题：Environment, general;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：2095-221X

文摘

Nitrogenous species, as important chemical components in PM_2.5, include organic nitrogen (ON) and inorganic nitrogen (IN), both of which have potential effects on human health, climate change and visibility degradation. In this study, we analyzed total nitrogen (TN) by CHN Elemental analyzer and inorganic nitrogen by ion chromatography (IC) respectively to obtain ON by calculating the difference between TN and IN. The results show that the mean ON concentrations in winter and summer are both 2.86 μg·m?, ten times higher than other places reported on average. ON contributes about 20%-0% to TN on average in both seasons, presenting higher contribution in summer. N:C ratios are much higher in summer than winter. ON sources or formation were strengthened by heavy PM_2.5 pollution loads, especially sensitive to sulfate. ON concentrations are higher at night in the both seasons, however with distinguished day and night difference patterns influenced by relative humidity (RH) conditions. In winter, ON concentrations increase with RH on average through low RH values to high RH values. The variations are far larger than the ones caused by day and night difference. However in summer, day and night difference dominates the variations of ON concentrations at low RH values, and RH conditions promote ON concentrations increase significantly only at high RH values. Dust related source and anthropogenic emission related secondary source are identified as important sources for ON. At heavy pollution loads, ON sources are more of secondary formation, possibly strengthened by combination influence of RH and acidity increase. Keywords organic nitrogen N:C ratio secondary day and night variation relative humidity (RH) acidity