Maximum-recorded overland run-ups of major nearfield paleotsunamis during the past 3000 years along the Cascadia margin, USA, and Canada

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• 作者：Curt D. Peterson ; Gary A. Carver ; John J. Clague ; Kenneth M. Cruikshank
• 关键词：Nearfield paleotsunami ; Maximum run ; ups ; Cascadia subduction zone
• 刊名：Natural Hazards
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：July 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：77
• 期：3
• 页码：2005-2026
• 全文大小：2,085 KB
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  Carver GA, Abramson HA, Garrison-Laney CE, Leroy T (1999) Paleotsunami evidence from northern California for repeated long rupture (M 9) of the Cascadia subduction zone. Sesimol Res Lett 20(2):232
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• 作者单位：Curt D. Peterson (1)
  Gary A. Carver (2)
  John J. Clague (3)
  Kenneth M. Cruikshank (1)
  
  1. Portland Sate University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA
  2. Carver Geologic Inc., PO Box 52, Kodiak, AK, 99615, USA
  3. Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A1S6, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Civil Engineering
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0840

文摘

Maximum-recorded run-up estimates of six major nearfield paleotsunamis, dating from 0.3 to 2.8?ka, are compiled from reported studies at 12 reliable localities distributed over a north–south distance of 1000?km in the Cascadia subduction zone. The run-up estimates are based on surveyed elevations and positions of terminal sand sheet layers that were deposited by the dated paleotsunamis. Maximum terminal deposit elevations from open-coastal sites range from 3 to 12?m NAVD88. Paired proximal and distal run-up sites at four localities demonstrate landward vertical attenuation gradients (?.5 to ?.2?m?km?) of decreasing terminal sand deposit elevation with increasing distance inland. An averaged attenuation gradient is reversed (3.0?m?km?) to project paleotsunami run-up elevations to adjacent ocean shorelines. The run-up projections are further adjusted by paleotsunami age and relative sea level curves to estimate shoreline inundation elevations under modern sea level conditions. The tsunami shoreline inundation elevations range from 3?±?2 to 15?±?2?m NAVD88, with the largest values occurring along the central Cascadia margin and the smallest values occurring in the eastern Juan de Fuca Strait. Contradictory to some numerical tsunami modeling assumptions, there is no apparent correlation between duration of interseismic strain accumulation or estimated upper-plate elastic flexure and corresponding paleotsunami run-up heights on the central Cascadia margin. The short duration since the last Cascadia megathrust rupture (0.3?ka) cannot be used to imply smaller run-up values for a near-future Cascadia tsunami. Coastal communities should plan for the maximum paleotsunami run-ups as recorded at the nearest reliable run-up localities.