Residents' attitudes and behaviour before and after the 2010 Eyjafjallaj枚kull eruptions鈥攁 case study from southern Iceland

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• 作者：Deanne K. Bird (12) deanne.bird@gmail.com
  Gu冒r煤n G铆slad贸ttir (3) ggisla@hi.is
• 关键词：Risk perception – ; Volcanic ash – ; Emergency response – ; Mixed methods – ; Katla
• 刊名：Bulletin of Volcanology
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：August 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：74
• 期：6
• 页码：1263-1279
• 全文大小：3.1 MB
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• 作者单位：1. Risk Frontiers, Department of Environment & Geography, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Sydney, Australia2. Department of Geography & Tourism, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjav铆k, Iceland3. Department of Geography & Tourism, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Earth Science Institute, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjav铆k, Iceland
• ISSN：1432-0819

文摘

While the disruption to international air travel caused by the eruption of Iceland's Eyjafjallaj枚kull volcano in 2010 has been well documented, the significant social impacts on local residents from ash fall to the south and east of the crater are less well-known. These impacts and attitudes of impacted residents and emergency managers are the foci of our present study. Prior to and during the eruption, officials worked to protect the local population from the glacial outburst floods (j枚kulhlaup) that were of primary concern. The success of these endeavours can in part be attributed to a regional evacuation exercise held in March 2006, an exercise that was carried out with respect to a possible eruption at another volcano, Katla, that is located 25 km to the east of Eyjafjallaj枚kull. Eruptions at either volcano will impact the same communities. Our study here concentrates on 脕lftaver, a small farming community, located approximately 60 km east-southeast of Eyjafjallaj枚kull and 30 km southeast of Katla. 脕lftaver has been the subject of longitudinal studies carried out in 2004, 2006, and 2008; these studies highlighted the difficulties that emergency managers face in developing appropriate response strategies acceptable to vulnerable communities. The 2010 Eyjafjallaj枚kull eruptions presented an opportunity to re-assess residents' attitudes and behaviour in relation to volcanic risk management in the wake of their first-hand experiences with volcanic hazards. To achieve this, interviews were conducted with residents and emergency management officials and a questionnaire was distributed to residents. This paper presents the results of this survey and examines changes in attitudes towards volcanic risk management. It was apparent that the experience of ash fall from Eyjafjallaj枚kull provided a better perspective of what could be expected from a Katla eruption and that attitudes towards emergency management had evolved accordingly. Importantly, officials' perceptions of risk are now more aligned with those of residents and both recognise the need for more detailed and concise information regarding the impacts of ash fall during and following volcanic eruptions.