x ,Ga x )Se2 (CIGS) solar cell devices on two different substrates with different Na levels. The effect of Na from the glass substrates on the CIGS device performance was investigated. We found clear evidence of performance enhancement due to Na especially for samples grown at higher temperatures. A comparison of the secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) profiles indicated the additional presence of alkali K atoms for devices on photovoltaic (PV)-specialty glass substrates. Novel reverse-bias-induced breakdown measurements were carried out to quantitatively characterize the quality of the junction interface due to the level of Na out-diffusion at higher growth temperatures." />