Citrulline and nitrogen homeostasis: an overview

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• 作者：C. Breuillard (1)
  L. Cynober (1) (2)
  C. Moinard (1)
  
  1. Laboratoire de Biologie de la Nutrition ; EA 4466 ; Facult茅 de Pharmacie ; Universit茅 Paris Descartes ; Sorbonne Paris Cit茅 ; 4 ; avenue de l鈥橭bservatoire ; 75270 ; Paris Cedex 06 ; France
  2. Service de Biochimie ; H么pital Cochin ; AP-HP ; H么pitaux Universitaires Paris Centre ; Paris ; France
  
• 关键词：Citrulline ; Amino acids ; Protein turnover ; Muscle ; Liver
• 刊名：Amino Acids
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：47
• 期：4
• 页码：685-691
• 全文大小：258 KB
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• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Biochemistry
  Analytical Chemistry
  Biochemical Engineering
  Life Sciences
  Proteomics
  Neurobiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Wien
• ISSN：1438-2199

文摘

Citrulline (Cit) is a non-essential amino acid whose metabolic properties were largely ignored until the last decade when it began to emerge as a highly promising nutrient with many regulatory properties, with a key role in nitrogen homeostasis. Because Cit is not taken up by the liver, its synthesis from arginine, glutamine, ornithine and proline in the intestine prevents the hepatic uptake of the two first amino acids which activate the urea cycle and so prevents amino acid catabolism. This sparing effect may have positive spin-off for muscle via increased protein synthesis, protein content and functionality. However, the mechanisms of action of Cit are not fully known, even if preliminary data suggest an implication of mTOR pathway. Further exploration is needed to gain a complete overview of the role of Cit in the control of nitrogen homeostasis.