The influence of the stagnation zone on the fluid dynamics at the nozzle exit of a confined and submerged impinging jet

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• 作者：Nicholas Jeffers ; Jason Stafford ; Ciaran Conway ; Jeff Punch…
• 刊名：Experiments in Fluids
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：57
• 期：2
• 全文大小：6,232 KB
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• 作者单位：Nicholas Jeffers (1)
  Jason Stafford (1)
  Ciaran Conway (2)
  Jeff Punch (2)
  Edmond Walsh (3)
  
  1. Bell Labs, Thermal Management Research Group, Alcatel-Lucent, Dublin, Ireland
  2. Connect, Stokes Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
  3. Osney Thermo-Fluids Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  
• 刊物类别：Engineering
• 刊物主题：Engineering Fluid Dynamics
  Fluids
  Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
  Measurement Science and Instrumentation
  Thermodynamics
  Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1114

文摘

Low profile impinging jets provide a means to achieve high heat transfer coefficients while occupying a small quantity of space. Consequently, they are found in many engineering applications such as electronics cooling, annealing of metals, food processing, and others. This paper investigates the influence of the stagnation zone fluid dynamics on the nozzle exit flow condition of a low profile, submerged, and confined impinging water jet. The jet was geometrically constrained to a round, 16-mm diameter, square-edged nozzle at a jet exit to target surface spacing (H/D) that varied between \(0.25 < {{ H}{/}{ D}} < 8.75\). The influence of turbulent flow regimes is the main focus of this paper; however, laminar flow data are also presented between \(1350 < Re < 17{,}300\). A custom measurement facility was designed and commissioned to utilise particle image velocimetry in order to quantitatively measure the fluid dynamics both before and after the jet exits its nozzle. The velocity profiles are normalised with the mean velocity across the nozzle exit, and turbulence statistics are also presented. The primary objective of this paper is to present accurate flow profiles across the nozzle exit of an impinging jet confined to a low H/D, with a view to guide the boundary conditions chosen for numerical simulations confined to similar constraints. The results revealed in this paper suggest that the fluid dynamics in the stagnation zone strongly influences the nozzle exit velocity profile at confinement heights between \(0 < {{ H}{/}{ D}} < 1\). This is of particular relevance with regard to the choice of inlet boundary conditions in numerical models, and it was found that it is necessary to model a jet tube length \({{ L}{/}{ D}} > 0.5\)—where D is the inner diameter of the jet—in order to minimise modelling uncertainty.