Comparing the attraction of two parasitoids to herbivore-induced volatiles of maize and its wild ancestors, the teosintes

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• 作者：Elvira S. de Lange ; Kevin Farnier ; Benjamin Gaudillat ; Ted C. J. Turlings
• 关键词：Campoletis sonorensis ; Cotesia marginiventris ; Indirect plant defences ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; Spodoptera littoralis ; Teosinte ; Tritrophic interactions ; Volatile organic compounds ; Zea mays
• 刊名：Chemoecology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：26
• 期：1
• 页码：33-44
• 全文大小：610 KB
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• 作者单位：Elvira S. de Lange (1) (2)
  Kevin Farnier (1) (3)
  Benjamin Gaudillat (1) (4)
  Ted C. J. Turlings (1)
  
  1. Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
  2. Philip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University, 125A Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ, 08019, USA
  3. Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
  4. UMR ‘Peuplements Végétaux et Bio-agresseurs en Milieu Tropical’, CIRAD/Université de La Réunion, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7 chemin de l’IRAT, 97410, Saint-Pierre, France
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Ecology
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Birkh盲user Basel
• ISSN：1423-0445

文摘

Artificial selection of crop plants for desired traits such as increased yield and improved seed or fruit quality has been hypothesized to have had a cost for other potentially useful traits, including resistance to herbivores. Besides direct defences, such as the production of toxins, plants may also indirectly protect themselves by emitting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that attract the natural enemies of herbivores. Parasitoid wasps are known to use these VOCs to localize hosts for their offspring. However, domestication and selective breeding of crop plants have reportedly led to the loss of such signals. The aim of this study was to identify possible differences in the attraction of parasitoid wasps by modern maize and its wild ancestors, the teosintes. In a six-arm olfactometer, we compared the capacity of teosintes and maize to attract the parasitoid wasps Cotesia marginiventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Campoletis sonorensis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). We studied the attractiveness of plants in which VOC emission was induced by the application of artificial damage and caterpillar regurgitant, as well as the attractiveness of extracts of volatiles that we collected from plants exposed to herbivory. C. sonorensis did not distinguish between the odours of maize and teosintes, whereas C. marginiventris showed a significant preference for the odours of teosintes over the odours of maize. The fact that we obtained very similar results with extracts of collected volatiles implies that we could use these extracts to identify the key compounds that are responsible for wasp attraction. Restoring and/or enhancing such key parasitoid attractants in cultivated plants could be an effective way to increase natural pest control. Keywords Campoletis sonorensis Cotesia marginiventris Indirect plant defences Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera littoralis Teosinte Tritrophic interactions Volatile organic compounds Zea mays