Avian haemosporidian parasites in an urban forest and their relationship to bird size and abundance

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• 作者：Diego Santiago-Alarcon ; Ian MacGregor-Fors ; Katharina Kühnert…
• 关键词：Urban parasitology ; Zoonosis ; Plasmodium ; Haemoproteus ; Leucocytozoon ; Avian malaria
• 刊名：Urban Ecosystems
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：19
• 期：1
• 页码：331-346
• 全文大小：513 KB
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• 作者单位：Diego Santiago-Alarcon (1) (3)
  Ian MacGregor-Fors (2)
  Katharina Kühnert (3)
  Gernot Segelbacher (4)
  H. Martin Schaefer (3)
  
  1. Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Laboratorio de Ecología de Vertebrados e Interacciones Parasitarias, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, 91070, Veracruz, Mexico
  3. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
  2. Red de Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Laboratorio de Ecología en Ambientes Perturbados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, 91070, Veracruz, Mexico
  4. Department of Wildlife Ecology and Management, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Ecology
  Environmental Management
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1642

文摘

Urbanization has been identified as a threat to biodiversity due to landscape modifications. Studies of parasite ecology in urbanized areas lagged behind those made on macro organisms. Here we studied infection prevalence of haemosporidian parasites in an avian community of an urban forest from Germany, and its relationship with bird abundance and body mass. We used PCR to amplify a fragment of the mtDNA cyt b gene to determine the infection status of birds, and bird point counts to determine bird relative abundances. The avifauna was dominated by two small sized insectivore passerines (Parus major, Cyanistes caeruleus), representing ~40 % of the total bird records. The highest haemosporidian prevalence was recorded for Turdus philomelos (100 %) and for Fringilla coelebs (75 %). Bird abundance and body mass were positively associated with infection status for two haemosporidian genera: Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon. Infection rate was lower in juveniles compared to adult birds. We recorded a total of 7 Plasmodium, 26 Haemoproteus, and 10 Leucocytozoon lineages. Avian malaria (P. relictum) was detected infecting 5 individuals of P. major, the most abundant species in the community. These results, together with those of previous studies at the same site, suggest that potentially any of the genetic haemosporidian lineages detected in this urban forest can be transmitted across native and pet bird species, and to species of conservation concern housed at aviaries.