Soil influence on landmine detection—insights from a field study in Mozambique

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• 作者：Holger Preetz (1)
  Christian Rolf (1)
  Jan Igel (1)
  
• 关键词：Landmine detection ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Mozambique ; Soil magnetic mineralogy ; Spatial distribution
• 刊名：Journal of Soils and Sediments
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：March 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：13
• 期：3
• 页码：585-605
• 全文大小：1485KB
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• 作者单位：Holger Preetz (1)
  Christian Rolf (1)
  Jan Igel (1)
  
  1. Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, Stilleweg 2, 30655, Hannover, Germany
  
• ISSN：1614-7480

文摘

Purpose Electromagnetic induction based metal detectors are commonly used in landmine clearance operations. Their performance can be seriously deteriorated by magnetic properties of the soil in which the landmines are buried. Materials and methods Soil magnetic parameters were studied at three locations in Southern Mozambique where soils had caused severe problems during former landmine clearance campaigns. Field work comprised a geological and pedological survey of soils and the parent rock materials. Soil and rock samples were analyzed to determine pedological standard parameters and magnetic susceptibility. Geochemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermomagnetic analysis helped to clarify the mineral composition and to specify the origin and properties of the magnetic minerals. The spatial distribution of the topsoil magnetic susceptibility was investigated in the field and characterized using geostatistical analyses. Results and discussion Despite different degrees of weathering of the investigated soils, their magnetic mineral composition is dominated by lithogenic (Ti-) magnetites. Moreover, there are clues for the pedogenic neoformation of ultrafine-grained ferrimagnetic minerals in two of the three topsoils. The deterioration of metal detector performance at the sites results from the high frequency dependence of magnetic susceptibility at two locations and from the distinct spatial variability of topsoil magnetic susceptibility at all locations. Conclusions To assess soil effects on the performance of modern metal detectors the investigations of frequency-dependent susceptibility and of spatial susceptibility distribution are the most meaningful tools. Summarizing, the topsoil magnetic properties of the investigated sites are predominantly influenced by their parent material and to a minor degree by pedogenic neoformation.