Characterization of a Viking Blade Fabricated by Traditional Forging Techniques
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- 作者：H. Vo ; D. Frazer ; N. Bailey ; R. Traylor ; J. Austin ; J. Pringle ; J. Bickel…
- 刊名：JOM
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：December 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：68
- 期：12
- 页码：3174-3179
- 全文大小：
- 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
- 刊物主题：Engineering, general; Chemistry/Food Science, general; Physics, general; Environment, general; Earth Sciences, general;
- 出版者：Springer US
- ISSN：1543-1851
- 卷排序：68
文摘
A team of students from the University of California, Berkeley, participated in a blade-smithing competition hosted by the Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society at the TMS 2015 144th annual meeting and exhibition. Motivated by ancient forging methods, the UC Berkeley team chose to fabricate our blade from historical smithing techniques utilizing naturally-occurring deposits of iron ore. This approach resulted in receiving the “Best Example of a Traditional Blade Process/Ore Smelting Technique” award for our blade named “Berkelium.” First, iron-enriched sand was collected from local beaches. Magnetite (Fe3O4) was then extracted from the sand and smelted into individual high- and low-carbon steel ingots. Layers of high- and low-carbon steels were forge-welded together, predominantly by hand, to form a composite material. Optical microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Vickers hardness mechanical testing were conducted at different stages throughout the blade-making process to evaluate the microstructure and hardness evolution during formation. It was found that the pre-heat-treated blade microstructure was composed of ferrite and pearlite, and contained many nonmetallic inclusions. A final heat treatment was performed, which caused the average hardness of the blade edge to increase by more than a factor of two, indicating a martensitic transformation.