The human dimensions of water saving irrigation: lessons learned from Chinese smallholder farmers

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• 作者：Morey Burnham (1)
  Zhao Ma (2)
  Delan Zhu (3)
  
  1. Department of Environmental Studies ; College of Environmental Science and Forestry ; State University of New York ; 1 Forestry Dr. ; Syracuse ; NY ; 13210 ; USA
  2. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources ; Purdue University ; 195 Marsteller Street ; West Lafayette ; IN ; 47907-2033 ; USA
  3. Agricultural Water and Soil Engineering Laboratory ; Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University ; 23 Huiwei Road ; Yangling ; 712100 ; Shaanxi ; China
  
• 关键词：Agricultural livelihoods ; Drip irrigation ; Risk perception ; Technology adoption ; Water conservation ; China
• 刊名：Agriculture and Human Values
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：32
• 期：2
• 页码：347-360
• 全文大小：403 KB
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• 刊物主题：Ethics; Agricultural Economics; Veterinary Medicine; History; Evolutionary Biology;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-8366

文摘

Water saving irrigation (WSI) is promoted as a strategy to mitigate future water stresses by the Chinese government and irrigation scientists. However, the dissemination of WSI in China has been slow and little is understood with respect to why farmers adopt WSI or how WSI interacts with the social and institutional contexts in which it is embedded. By analyzing qualitative data from 37 semi-structured and 56 unstructured interviews across 13 villages in northwest China, this paper examines smallholder farmers鈥?knowledge and perceptions of WSI, and how WSI interacts with farmer livelihood decision-making and extant systems of land and water management. The results show that smallholders鈥?willingness to adopt and continuously use WSI was dampened by (1) a lack of communal capital and measures for conflict resolution, (2) a disconnect between the temporal demands of practicing WSI and the ways farmers prioritize different livelihood strategies, (3) misconceptions about WSI systems and how they work, (4) market risks, and (5) landownership structure and economies of scale. These results suggest that programs for promoting WSI must be holistic in nature and address smallholders鈥?day-to-day problems. Understanding why WSI did not succeed in some places will help formulate policy interventions that avoid reproducing conflicts, risks, and technological malfunctions responsible for previous failure.