Experiences with software-based soft-error mitigation using AN codes

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• 作者：Martin Hoffmann ; Peter Ulbrich ; Christian Dietrich…
• 关键词：Fault injection ; Arithmetic code ; Dependability
• 刊名：Software Quality Journal
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：24
• 期：1
• 页码：87-113
• 全文大小：2,121 KB
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• 作者单位：Martin Hoffmann (1)
  Peter Ulbrich (1)
  Christian Dietrich (1)
  Horst Schirmeier (2)
  Daniel Lohmann (1)
  Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat (1)
  
  1. Chair of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems, Friedrich–Alexander University Erlangen–Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
  2. Department of Computer Science 12, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
  
• 刊物主题：Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems; Programming Languages, Compilers, Interpreters; Data Structures, Cryptology and Information Theory; Operating Systems;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1573-1367

文摘

Arithmetic error coding schemes are a well-known and effective technique for soft-error mitigation. Although the underlying coding theory is generally a complex area of mathematics, its practical implementation is comparatively simple in general. However, compliance with the theory can be lost easily while moving toward an actual implementation, which finally jeopardizes the aspired fault-tolerance characteristics and effectiveness. In this paper, we present our experiences and lessons learned from implementing arithmetic error coding schemes (AN codes) in the context of our Combined Redundancy fault-tolerance approach. We focus on the challenges and pitfalls in the transition from maths to machine code for a binary computer from a systems perspective. Our results show that practical misconceptions (such as the use of prime numbers) and architecture-dependent implementation glitches occur at every stage of this transition. We identify typical pitfalls and describe practical measures to find and resolve them. This allowed us to eliminate all remaining silent data corruptions in the Combined Redundancy framework, which we validated by an extensive fault-injection campaign covering the entire fault space of 1-bit and 2-bit errors. Keywords Fault injection Arithmetic code Dependability