Importance of oceanic resolution and mean state on the extra-tropical response to El Ni?o in a matrix of coupled models

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• 作者：Andrew Dawson ; Adrian J. Matthews ; David P. Stevens ; Malcolm J. Roberts…
• 关键词：North Pacific ; Extra ; tropical SST ; ENSO ; GCM ; Basic state
• 刊名：Climate Dynamics
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：September 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：41
• 期：5-6
• 页码：1439-1452
• 全文大小：3473KB
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• 作者单位：Andrew Dawson (1) (5)
  Adrian J. Matthews (1) (2)
  David P. Stevens (1)
  Malcolm J. Roberts (3)
  Pier Luigi Vidale (4)
  
  1. School of Mathematics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
  5. Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  2. School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
  3. Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
  4. Department of Meteorology, National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
  
• ISSN：1432-0894

文摘

The extra-tropical response to El Ni?o in configurations of a coupled model with increased horizontal resolution in the oceanic component is shown to be more realistic than in configurations with a low resolution oceanic component. This general conclusion is independent of the atmospheric resolution. Resolving small-scale processes in the ocean produces a more realistic oceanic mean state, with a reduced cold tongue bias, which in turn allows the atmospheric model component to be forced more realistically. A realistic atmospheric basic state is critical in order to represent Rossby wave propagation in response to El Ni?o, and hence the extra-tropical response to El Ni?o. Through the use of high and low resolution configurations of the forced atmospheric-only model component we show that, in isolation, atmospheric resolution does not significantly affect the simulation of the extra-tropical response to El Ni?o. It is demonstrated, through perturbations to the SST forcing of the atmospheric model component, that biases in the climatological SST field typical of coupled model configurations with low oceanic resolution can account for the erroneous atmospheric basic state seen in these coupled model configurations. These results highlight the importance of resolving small-scale oceanic processes in producing a realistic large-scale mean climate in coupled models, and suggest that it might may be possible to “squeeze out-valuable extra performance from coupled models through increases to oceanic resolution alone.