参考文献:1. Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2006;114:e257鈥?54. CrossRef 2. Kerr CR, Humphries KH, Talajic M, et al. Progression to chronic atrial fibrillation after the initial diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from the Canadian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. Am Heart J. 2005;149:489鈥?6. CrossRef 3. de Vos CB, Pisters R, Nieuwlaat R, et al. Progression from paroxysmal to persistent atrial fibrillation: clinical correlates and prognosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:725鈥?1. CrossRef 4. Steg PG, Alam S, Chaing CE, et al. Symptoms, functional status and quality of life in patients with controlled and uncontrolled atrial fibrillation: data from the RealiseAF cross-sectional international registry. Heart. 2012;98:195鈥?01. CrossRef 5. Patton KK, Page RL. New-onset paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: is permanence inevitable? Am Heart J. 2005;149:388鈥?0. CrossRef 6. Dublin S, French B, Glazer NL, et al. Risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation in relation to body mass index. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2322鈥?. CrossRef 7. Dublin S, Glazer NL, Smith NL, et al. Diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, and risk of atrial fibrillation. J Gen Intern Med. 2010;25:853鈥?. CrossRef 8. Thomas MC, Dublin S, Kaplan RC, et al. Blood pressure control and risk of incident atrial fibrillation. Am J Hypertens. 2008;21:1111鈥?. CrossRef 9. Tsang TS, Barnes ME, Miyasaka Y, et al. Obesity as a risk factor for the progression of paroxysmal to permanent atrial fibrillation: a longitudinal cohort study of 21 years. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:2227鈥?3. CrossRef 10. Heckbert SR, Wiggins KL, Glazer NL, et al. Antihypertensive treatment with ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers and risk of incident atrial fibrillation in a general hypertensive population. Am J Hypertens. 2009;22:538鈥?4. CrossRef 11. Glazer NL, Dublin S, Smith NL, et al. Newly detected atrial fibrillation and compliance with antithrombotic guidelines. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:246鈥?2. CrossRef 12. Arterburn D, Ichikawa L, Ludman EJ, et al. Validity of clinical body weight measures as substitutes for missing data in a randomized trial. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2008;2:277鈥?1. CrossRef 13. Gooley TA, Leisenring W, Crowley J, Storer BE. Estimation of failure probabilities in the presence of competing risks: new representations of old estimators. Stat Med. 1999;18:695鈥?06. CrossRef 14. Coviello V, Boggess M. Cumulative incidence estimation in the presence of competing risks. Stata J. 2004;4:103鈥?2. 15. Prentice RL, Kalbfleisch JD, Peterson AV Jr, Flournoy N, Farewell VT, Breslow NE. The analysis of failure times in the presence of competing risks. Biometrics. 1978;34:541鈥?4. CrossRef 16. Zhang X, Zhang S, Li Y, et al. Association of obesity and atrial fibrillation among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Int J Obes. 2009;33:1318鈥?5. CrossRef 17. Guglin M, Maradia K, Chen R, Curtis AB. Relation of obesity to recurrence rate and burden of atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107:579鈥?2. CrossRef 18. Kistler PM, Sanders P, Morton JB, Vohra JK, Kalman JM, Sparks PB. Effect of body mass index on defibrillation thresholds for internal cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:370鈥?. CrossRef 19. Freynhofer MK, Jarai R, Hochtl T, et al. Predictive value of plasma Nt-proBNP and body mass index for recurrence of atrial fibrillation after cardioversion. Int J Cardiol. 2011;149:257鈥?. CrossRef 20. Cha Y-M, Friedman PA, Asirvatham SJ, et al. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity. Circulation. 2008;117:2583鈥?0. CrossRef 21. Chilukuri K, Dalal D, Gadrey S, et al. A prospective study evaluating the role of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea for outcomes after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010;21:521鈥?. CrossRef 22. Jongnarangsin K, Chugh A, Good E, et al. Body mass index, obstructive sleep apnea, and outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2008;19:668鈥?2. CrossRef 23. Needleman M, Calkins H. The role of obesity and sleep apnea in atrial fibrillation. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2011;26:40鈥?. CrossRef 24. Wanahita N, Messerli FH, Bangalore S, Gami AS, Somers VK, Steinberg JS. Atrial fibrillation and obesity鈥攔esults of a meta-analysis. Am Heart J. 2008;155:310鈥?. CrossRef 25. Badheka AO, Rathod A, Kizilbash MA, et al. Influence of obesity on outcomes in atrial fibrillation: yet another obesity paradox. Am J Med. 2010;123:646鈥?1. CrossRef 26. Ardestani A, Hoffman HJ, Cooper HA. Obesity and outcomes among patients with established atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106:369鈥?3. CrossRef
作者单位:Evan L. Thacker PhD (1) (2) (9) Barbara McKnight PhD (1) (3) Bruce M. Psaty MD, PhD (1) (2) (4) (5) (7) W. T. Longstreth Jr. MD, MPH (2) (4) (6) Sascha Dublin MD, PhD (2) (7) Paul N. Jensen MPH (1) (2) Katherine M. Newton PhD (2) (7) Nicholas L. Smith PhD (1) (2) (7) (8) David S. Siscovick MD (1) (2) (4) Susan R. Heckbert MD, PhD (1) (2) (7)
1. Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 2. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 9. Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, RPHB 220, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA 3. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 4. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 5. Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 7. Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA 6. Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 8. Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle, WA, USA