Revisiting molecular characteristics responsive for the aromaticity of soil humic acids

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• 作者：Pilar Tinoco ; Gonzalo Almendros…
• 关键词：Aromaticity ; Multivariate statistical treatments ; Soil humic acids ; Structural features
• 刊名：Journal of Soils and Sediments
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：15
• 期：4
• 页码：781-791
• 全文大小：376 KB
• 参考文献：1. Almendros G (2008) In: Chesworth W (ed) Humic substances. Kluwer Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Springer, ISBN 978-1-4020-3994-2, Dordrecht, pp 97-9
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  6. Rosa, JM, Knicker, H, López-Capel, E, Manning, DAC, González-Pérez, JA, González-Vila, FJ (2008) Direct detection of black carbon in soils by Py-GC/MS, 13C NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric techniques. Soil Sci Soc Am J 72: pp. 258-267 CrossRef
  7. Duchaufour, P, Jacquin, F (1975) Comparaison des procesus d’humification dans les principaux types d’humus forestiers. Bull AFES 1: pp. 29-36
  8. Fründ, R, Lüdemann, H-D (1989) The quantitative analysis of solution- and CPMAS-C-13 NMR spectra of humic material. Sci Total Environ 81: pp. 157-168 CrossRef
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  10. Hammes K, Schmidt MWI, Smernik RJ, Currie LAR, Ball WP, Nguyen TH, Louchouarn P, Houel S, Gustafsson ?, Elmquist M, Cornelissen G, Skjemstad JO, Masiello CA, Song J, Peng P, Mitra S, Dunn JC, Hatcher PG, Hockaday WC, Smith DM, Hartkopf-Fr?der C, B?hmer A, Lüer B, Huebert BJ, Amelung W, Brodowski S, Huang L, Zhang W, Gschwend PM, Flores-Cervantes DX, Largeau C, Rouzaud J-N, Rumpel C, Guggenberger G, Kaiser K, Rodionov A, González-Vila FJ, González-Pérez JA, de la Rosa JM, Manning DAC, López-Capel E, Ding L (2007) Comparison of black carbon quantification methods to measure fire-derived (black/elemental) carbon in soils and sediments using reference materials from soil, water, sediment and the atmosphere. Glob Biogeochem Cycles 21:Issue:3. doi:10.1029/2006GB002914
  11. Hatcher, PG, Schnitzer, M, Dennis, LW, Maciel, GE (1981) Aromaticity of humic substances in soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J 45: pp. 1089-1094 CrossRef
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  13. Hayes, MHB Extraction of humic substances from soil. In: Aiken, RG, Mcknight, DM, Wershaw, RL, MacCarthy, P eds. (1985) Humic Substances in soil, sediment, and water. Wiley, New York, pp. 329-362
  14. Ishiwatari, R (1969) An estimation of the aromaticity of a lake sediment humic acid by air oxidation and evaluation of it. Soil Sci 107: pp. 53-57 CrossRef
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  16. Piccolo, A (2001) The supra-molecular structure of humic substances. Soil Sci 166: pp. 810-832 CrossRef
  17. Quénéa, K, Derenne, S, González-Vila, FJ, González-Pérez, JA, Mariotti, A, Largeau, C (2006) Double-shot pyrolysis of the non-hydrolysable organic fraction isolated from a sandy forest soil (Landes de Gascogne, South-West Franc
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Soil Science and Conservation
  Environment
  Environmental Physics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1614-7480

文摘

Purpose Aromaticity of soil organic matter has often been considered an independent index of biogeochemical maturity, recalcitrance, and persistence of C in soils. The structural characteristics of soil humic acids (HAs) from various origins are studied by bi- and multivariate statistical exploratory analyses to select chemical descriptors surrogated to aromaticity. Materials and methods Structural features of 16 HAs were determined using analytical pyrolysis, wet chemical oxidation, and a variety of spectroscopic analyses. Data management was approached by (a) linear correlations between classical HAs structural descriptors and the concentration of aromatic C as seen by 13C NMR spectra as independent variable and (b) multivariate statistics to define HA aromaticity as an emergent property defined by the shared contribution of a set of variables. Results and discussion Significant correlations were found between HAs optical density (465?nm; E4) and aromatic C regions (13C NMR). These also paralleled the intensity of the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) bands ascribed to aromatic structures. Likewise, significant positive correlations were observed between E4 and aromatic compounds released by wet chemical degradation, with negative correlations with yields of aliphatic and lignin-derived methoxyphenols released by pyrolysis. Conclusions Multivariate classification of HAs-analytical descriptors allows the identification of variables, i.e., E4, H/C atomic ratio, intensity of aromatic C in the 13C NMR region between 110-40 and 140-60?ppm, and yield of benezenecarboxylic acids after chemical degradation, as surrogates for HAs-aromaticity. This HA characteristic is also responsive to the variability between environmental scenarios, mainly the effect of wildfires and soil management (clearing and cultivation).