Environmental stewardship footprint research: linking human agency and ecosystem health in the Puget Sound region

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Kathleen L. Wolf (1)
  Dale J. Blahna (2)
  Weston Brinkley (3)
  Michele Romolini (4)
  
• 关键词：Urban ecology ; Civic ecology ; Puget Sound ; Environmental stewardship ; Social networks
• 刊名：Urban Ecosystems
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：March 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：16
• 期：1
• 页码：13-32
• 全文大小：458KB
• 参考文献：1. Adler RP, Goggin J (2005) What do we mean by 鈥渃ivic engagement鈥? J Transformative Educ 3(3):236鈥?53 CrossRef
  2. Alberti M (2008) Advances in urban ecology: integrating human and ecological processes in urban ecosystems. Springer, New York CrossRef
  3. Alberti M, Marzluff J, Shulenberger E, Bradley G, Ryan C, Zumbrunnen C (2003) Integrating humans into ecology: opportunities and challenges for urban ecology. Bioscience 53(12):1169鈥?179 CrossRef
  4. Andersson K, Ostrom E (2008) Analyzing decentralized resource regimes from a polycentric perspective. Policy Sci 41(1):71鈥?3 CrossRef
  5. Andersson E, Barthel S, Ahrn茅 K (2007) Measuring social-ecological dynamics behind the generation of ecosystem services. Ecol Appl 17(5):1267鈥?278 CrossRef
  6. Baldassarri D, Diani M (2007) The integrative power of civic networks. Am J Sociol 113(3):735鈥?80 CrossRef
  7. Baum F, MacDougall C, Smith D (2006) Participatory action research. J Epidemiol Community Health 60:854鈥?57 CrossRef
  8. Berke PR (2008) The evolution of green planning, scholarship, and practice. J Am Plann Assoc 74(4):393鈥?07 CrossRef
  9. Berkes F, Colding J, Folke C (2003) Navigating social-ecological systems: building resilience for complexity and change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  10. Brinkley W, Wolf KL, Blahna DJ (2010) Stewardship footprints and potential ecosystem recovery: preliminary data for Seattle and Puget Sound. In: Laband D (ed) Proceedings of emerging issues along urban/rural interfaces III: Linking science and society, Atlanta GA
  11. Brunckhorst D (2002) Institutions to sustain ecological and social systems. Ecol Manage Restor 3(2):108鈥?16 CrossRef
  12. Bruyere B, Rappe S (2007) Identifying the motivations of environmental volunteers. J Environ Plan Manag 50(4):503鈥?16 CrossRef
  13. Campbell DT, Fiske DW (1959) Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychol Bull 56:81鈥?05 CrossRef
  14. Campbell L, Wiesen A (2009) Restorative commons: creating health and well-being through urban landscapes. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-39. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square
  15. Carr AJL (2002) Grass roots and green tape: principles and practices of environmental stewardship. Federation Press, Annandale Australia
  16. City of Seattle (2007) Urban Forest Management Plan, City of Seattle, Urban Forest Coalition
  17. Clary EG, Snyder M, Ridge RD, Copeland J, Stukas AA, Haugen J, Miene P (1998) Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers: a functional approach. J Pers Soc Psychol 74(6):1516鈥?530 CrossRef
  18. Cohn JP (2008) Citizen science: can volunteers do real research? Bioscience 58(3):192鈥?97 CrossRef
  19. Collins JP, Kinzig A, Grimm NB, Fagan WF, Hope D, Wu J, Borer ET (2000) A new urban ecology. Am Sci 88:416鈥?25 CrossRef
  20. de Tocqueville A (2002) Democracy in America. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Mansfield HC, Winthrop D (trans ed) Published originally as De la democratie en Amerique, 1835
  21. Delaney DG, Sperling CD, Adams CS, Leung B (2008) Marine invasive species: validation of citizen science and implications for national monitoring networks. Biol Invasions 10(1):117鈥?28 CrossRef
  22. Dickinson J, Zuckerberg B, Bonter DN (2010) Citizen science as an ecological research tool: challenges and benefits. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 41:149鈥?72 CrossRef
  23. Frumkin H (2003) Healthy places: exploring the evidence. Am J Public Health 93(9):1451鈥?454 CrossRef
  24. Fukuyama F (2000) Social capital and civil society. IMF Work. Pap WP-00-74. International Monetary Fund, Washington DC
  25. Gentile JH, Harwell MA, Cropper W, Harwell CC, DeAngelis D, Davis S, Ogden JC, Lirman D (2001) Ecological conceptual models: a framework and case study on ecosystem management for South Florida sustainability. Sci Total Environ 274(1鈥?):231鈥?53 CrossRef
  26. Gragson TL, Grove M (2006) Social science in the context of the long term ecological research program. Soc Nat Resour 19(2):93鈥?00 CrossRef
  27. Granovetter M (1985) Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness. Am J Sociol 91(3):481鈥?10 CrossRef
  28. Grese RE, Kaplan R, Ryan RL, Buxton J (2000) The psychological benefits of volunteering in stewardship programs. In: Gobster PH, Hull RB (eds) Restoring nature: perspectives from social science and the humanities. Island Press, Washington, DC, pp 265鈥?80
  29. Grimm N, Grove JM, Pickett STA, Redman CL (2000) Integrated approaches to long-term studies of urban ecological systems. Bioscience 50:571鈥?84 CrossRef
  30. Grove JM, Karen EH, Northrop RJ (1999) A Social ecology approach to understanding urban ecosystems and landscapes. In: Berkowitz AR, Nilon CH, Hollweg KS (eds) Understanding urban ecosystems: a new frontier for science and education. Springer, New York
  31. Hajkowicz S, Collins K (2009) Measuring the benefits of environmental stewardship in rural landscapes. Landsc Urban Plan 93(2):93鈥?02 CrossRef
  32. Hawken P (2007) Blessed unrest: how the largest movement in the world came into being and why no one saw it coming. Viking, New York
  33. Head L, Muir P (2006) Edges of connection: reconceptualising the human role in urban biogeography. Aust Geogr 37(1):87鈥?01 CrossRef
  34. Hester RT (2006) Design for ecological democracy. MIT Press, Cambridge
  35. Holling CS (2001) Understanding the complexity of economic, ecological, and social systems. Ecosystems 4(5):390鈥?05 CrossRef
  36. Johnson RB, Onwuegbuzie AJ (2004) Mixed methods research: a research paradigm whose time has come. Educ Res 33(7):14鈥?6
  37. Kaplan R, Kaplan S, Ryan RL (1998) With people in mind: design and management of everyday nature. Island Press, Washington DC
  38. Kearney AR, Bradley G (1998) Human dimensions of forest management: an empirical study of stakeholder perspectives. Urban Ecosyst 2(1):5鈥?6 CrossRef
  39. Kearney AR, Kaplan S (1997) Toward a methodology for the measurement of knowledge structures of ordinary people: the conceptual content cognitive map (3CM). Environ Behav 29(5):579 CrossRef
  40. Keough H, Blahna DJ (2006) Achieving integrative, collaborative ecosystem management. Conserv Biol 20(5):1373鈥?382 CrossRef
  41. Kinzig A, Cranez P (2005) Nature in the metropolis. Science 27 308 5726:1225鈥?7
  42. Koontz TM, Steelman TA, Carmin J, Korfmacher KS, Moseley C, Thomas CW (2004) Collaborative environmental management: what roles for government? Resources for the Future, Washington DC
  43. Kramer DB (2007) Determinants and efficacy of social capital in lake associations. Environ Conserv 34(3):186鈥?94 CrossRef
  44. Kuo FE (2003) The role of arboriculture in a healthy social ecology. J Arboric 29:148鈥?55
  45. Leopold A (1949) A Sand County almanac. Oxford University Press, New York
  46. Leshem S, Trafford V (2007) Overlooking the conceptual framework. Innov Educ Teach Int 44:93鈥?05 CrossRef
  47. Lev E (1998) A regional restoration grants program to promote preservation and enhancement of urban natural areas. Urban Ecosyst 2:103鈥?11 CrossRef
  48. Litle K, Wainstein M, Dalton P, Meehan D (2009) Harnessing citizen science to protect and restore Puget Sound. Washington Sea Grant and Washington State University Extension, Olympia
  49. Liu J, Dietz T, Carpenter S, Folke C, Alberti M, Redman C, Schneider S, Ostrom E, Pell A, Lubchenco J, Taylor W, Ouyang Z, Deadman P, Kratz T, Provencher W (2007) Complexity of coupled human and natural systems. Science 317(5844):1513鈥?516 CrossRef
  50. Lotze HK, Lenihan HS, Bourque BJ, Bradbury RH, Cooke RG, Kay MC, Kidwell SM, Kirby MX, Peterson CH, Jackson JB (2006) Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas. Science 312(5781):1806鈥?809 CrossRef
  51. Mandarano LA (2009) Social network analysis of social capital in collaborative planning. Soc Nat Resour 22(3):245鈥?60 CrossRef
  52. Marzluff, JM, Ewing K (2008) Restoration of fragmented landscapes for the conservation of birds: a general framework and specific recommendations for urbanizing landscapes. Urban Ecology 739鈥?55.
  53. Marzluff J, Shulenberger E, Endlicher W, Alberti M, Bradley G, Ryan C, ZumBrunnen C, Simon U (2008) (eds) Urban ecology: an international perspective on the interaction between humans and nature. Springer, New York
  54. McGinnis MD (1999) Polycentric governance and development: readings from the workshop in political theory and policy analysis. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor
  55. McPherson EG (1993) Monitoring urban forest health. Environ Monit Assess 26:165鈥?74 CrossRef
  56. Minkler M, Blackwell AG, Thompson M, Tamir H (2003) Community-based participatory research: implications for public health funding. Am J Public Health 93:1210 CrossRef
  57. Moskell C, Broussard Allred S, Gerenz G (2010) Examining volunteer motivations and recruitment strategies for engagement in urban forestry. Cities and the Environment 3 1: article 9
  58. Ostrom E (1990) Governing the commons: the evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press, New York CrossRef
  59. Ostrom E (2009) A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems. Science 325(5939):419鈥?22 CrossRef
  60. Paul MJ, Meyer JL (2008) Streams in the urban landscape. Urban Ecology 207鈥?31
  61. Pickett STA, Cadenasso ML, Grove JM, Nilon CH, Pouyat RV, Zipperer WC, Costanza R (2001) Urban ecological systems: linking terrestrial ecological, physical, and socioeconomic components of metropolitan areas. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 2001:127鈥?57 CrossRef
  62. Prell C, Hubacek K, Reed M (2009) Stakeholder analysis and social network analysis in natural resource management. Soc Nat Resour 22(6):501鈥?18 CrossRef
  63. Pretty J, Ward H (2001) Social capital and the environment. World Dev 29(2):209鈥?27 CrossRef
  64. Provan KG, Milward HB (2001) Do networks really work? a framework for evaluating public-sector organizational networks. Public Adm Rev 61(4):414鈥?23 CrossRef
  65. Puget Sound Partnership (2008) Puget Sound Action Agenda: protecting and restoring the Puget Sound ecosystem by 2020. Puget Sound Partnership, Olympia, p 204
  66. Romolini M, Brinkley W, Wolf KL (in review) What is environmental stewardship? working toward a practitioner-derived definition in Seattle. Research Note PNW-xxx. Portland OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland OR.
  67. Ryan RL (2006) The role of place attachment in sustaining urban parks. In: Platt RH (ed) The humane metropolis: people and nature in the 21st century city. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst
  68. Ryan RL, Grese RE (2005) Urban volunteers and the environment: forest and prairie restoration. In: Barlett P (ed) Urban place. MIT Press, Cambridge
  69. Schneider M, Scholz J, Lubell M, Mindruta D, Edwardsen M (2003) Building consensual institutions: networks and the National Estuary Program. Am J Polit Sci 47(1):143鈥?58 CrossRef
  70. Scott JP (2006) Social network analysis: a handbook. Sage, Thousand Oaks
  71. Sendzimir J, Magnuszewski P, Flachner Z, Balogh P, Molnar G, Sarvari A, Nagy Z (2008) Assessing the resilience of a river management regime: informal learning in a shadow network in the Tisza River Basin. Ecol Soc 13(1):11
  72. Shandas V, Messer WB (2008) Fostering green communities through civic engagement: community-based environmental stewardship in the Portland area. J Am Plann Assoc 74(4):408鈥?18 CrossRef
  73. Svendsen ES (2009) Cultivating resilience: urban stewardship as a means to improve health and well-being. In: Campbell L, Wiesen A (ed) Restorative commons: creating health and well-being through urban landscapes. U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, General Technical Report NRS-P-39, pp. 58鈥?7.
  74. Svendsen ES, Campbell LK (2008) Urban ecological stewardship: understanding the structure, function and network of community-based urban land management. Cities Environ 1(1):5
  75. Tidball KG, Krasny ME (2007) From risk to resilience: what role for community greening and civic ecology in cities. In: Wals AEJ (ed) Social learning towards a more sustainable world. Wageningen Academic, Netherlands
  76. Wackernagel M, Rees W (1996) Our ecological footprint: reducing human impact on the Earth. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island
  77. Wagner CL, Fernandez-Gimenez ME (2008) Does community-based collaborative resource management increase social capital? Soc Nat Resour 21(4):324鈥?44 CrossRef
  78. Wals AEJ, van der Leij T (2007) Social learning. In: Wals AEJ (ed) Social learning: towards a sustainable world. Wageningen Academic, Netherlands, pp 17鈥?1
  79. Washington State Office of Financial Management (2007) Growth Management Act (GMA) population projections. Washington State Growth Management Act (RCW 43.62.035)
  80. Webb EJ, Campbell DT et al (1966) Unobtrusive measures: nonreactive research in the social sciences. Rand McNally, Chicago
  81. Weber EP (2000) A new vanguard for the environment: grass-roots ecosystem management as a new environmental movement. Soc Nat Resour 13(3):237鈥?59 CrossRef
  82. Westphal LM (2003) Urban greening and social benefits: a study of empowerment outcomes. Journal of Arboriculture 29 3:137
  83. Wolf KL (2008) Metro nature services: functions, benefits and values. In: Wachter SM, Birch EL (eds) Growing greener cities: urban sustainability in the twenty-first century. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, pp 294鈥?15
  84. Wolf KL, Kruger LE (2010) Urban forestry research needs: a participatory assessment process. J For 108(1): 39鈥?4
  85. Wondolleck JM, Yaffee SL (2000) Making collaboration work. Island Press, Washington DC
  86. Wordle. http://www.wordle.net/. Accessed 10/5/2009
  87. Yang J, Jinxing Z (2007) The failure and success of greenbelt program in Beijing. Urban Forest Urban Greening 6(4):287鈥?96 CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Kathleen L. Wolf (1)
  Dale J. Blahna (2)
  Weston Brinkley (3)
  Michele Romolini (4)
  
  1. Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 400 N. 34th St., Suite 201, Seattle, WA, 98103, USA
  2. Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Seattle, WA, USA
  3. Cascade Land Conservancy, Seattle, WA, USA
  4. Rubenstein School for Environment & Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
  
• ISSN：1573-1642

文摘

Urbanization processes challenge ecosystem health in many metropolitan areas. New policy and program approaches are needed to restore and sustain natural systems as public agencies and organizations face greater demands and declining budgets. Environmental stewardship is an often overlooked intervention strategy, and the full potential of civic engagement by citizens on behalf of ecosystem health is little understood. Using a coupled systems approach, integrated analysis of social and ecological footprints can lead to greater theoretical understanding and more effective programs at the landscape scale. Here we outline two pilot studies as part of an emergent research program that is investigating the extent and impact of environmental stewardship. Qualitative interviews of stewardship managers revealed multiple dimensions of motivations and purposes for stewardship, ranging from the practical to the conceptual. A regional organization census yielded a surprisingly large number of organizations that conduct stewardship, with social and ecological values being of comparable emphasis. The initial research is based in the Puget Sound area of Washington State, U.S., but results have relevance to other urban areas. Pilot study findings now guide additional research effort about motivations, organizational networks, and theory of integrated socio-ecological systems to be derived from comprehensive footprint analysis of stewardship activity.