Regulatory experience and challenges for the release of GM insects

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• 作者：Camilla Beech (1)
  
  1. Oxitec Ltd ; 71 Innovation Drive ; Milton Park ; Abingdon ; Oxfordshire ; OX41 4RQ ; UK
  
• 关键词：Regulation ; Genetic modification ; Insects ; Risk assessment ; Policy
• 刊名：Journal f篓鹿r Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：July 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：9
• 期：1-supp
• 页码：71-76
• 全文大小：306 KB
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• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Life Sciences
  Food Science
  Agriculture
  Plant Genetics and Genomics
  Animal Genetics and Genomics
  Chemistry
  
• 出版者：Springer Basel
• ISSN：1661-5867

文摘

Genetically modified (GM) insects are a potentially valuable new tool for the biological control of insect pests of humans, animals and plants. Considerable progress has been made recently in transfer of GM insects from the laboratory to release and evaluation in the environment. As with other new genetic technologies, regulatory agencies have often found it challenging to determine the regulatory regime under which they should be evaluated, and have either adapted existing regulatory frameworks or adopted new ones. No country has legislation specifically for GM insects. However, irrespective of the regulatory regime under which they are evaluated, the purpose of their regulation remains the same; to protect human health and the environment. Consequently there are evaluation themes common to their regulatory scrutiny, which are elucidated here. There have also been some challenges and issues encountered during the risk evaluation for field release of GM insects, and this paper will highlight some of these to assist others when considering policy, regulation and assessment of GM insects. Useful regulatory and policy precedents also exist from the regulation of biological control agents and the global protection of plants from pests under the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) framework. Where countries do not have existing regulations, these evaluation instruments could have the potential to be adapted to form a suitable framework for the assessment of risk for GM insects. Finally, some considerations for future policy and regulation in this area are discussed.