Comparative characteristics of free-living ultramicroscopical bacteria obtained from natural biotopes

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• 作者：N. E. Suzina ; T. Z. Esikova ; R. R. Oleinikov…
• 关键词：ultramicrobacteria ; nanobacteria ; ultrastructure of cell ; intermicrobial parasitism
• 刊名：Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：51
• 期：2
• 页码：159-168
• 全文大小：1,790 KB
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• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Biochemistry
  Microbiology
  Medical Microbiology
  Russian Library of Science
  
• 出版者：MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica distributed exclusively by Springer Science+Business Media LLC.
• ISSN：1608-3024

文摘

We isolated 50 strains of free-living ultrasmall bacteria with a cell volume that varies from 0.02 to 1.3 μm3 from a range of natural biotopes, namely permafrost soils, oil slime, soils, lake silt, thermal swamp moss, and the skin integuments of the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. Of them, 23 isolates, characterized by a cell size of less than 0.1 μm3 and a genome size from 1.5 to 2.4 Mb, were subsumed to ultramicrobacteria belonging to different philogenetic groups (Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria) and genera (Kaistia, Chryseobacterium, Microbacterium, Leucobacter, Leifsonia, and Agrococcus) of the Bacteria domain. They are free-living mesophilic heterotrophic aerobic bacteria. The representatives of Kaistia and Chryseobacterium genera were capable of facultative parasitism on other species of chemo-organotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria. The ultramicrobacteria differed in their morpholgy, cell ultrastructural organization, and physiological and biochemical features. According to the fine structure of their cell walls, the isolates were subdivided into two groups, namely Gram-positive and Gram-negative forms.