The influence of motivational salience on saccade latencies

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• 作者：Marcus Rothkirch (1)
  Florian Ostendorf (2) (3)
  Anne-Lene Sax (5)
  Philipp Sterzer (1) (3) (4)
  
• 关键词：Saccades ; Eye movements ; Motivational salience ; Latency ; Attention
• 刊名：Experimental Brain Research
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：January 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：224
• 期：1
• 页码：35-47
• 全文大小：456KB
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• 作者单位：Marcus Rothkirch (1)
  Florian Ostendorf (2) (3)
  Anne-Lene Sax (5)
  Philipp Sterzer (1) (3) (4)
  
  1. Department of Psychiatry, Campus Charit茅 Mitte, Charit茅鈥擴niversit盲tsmedizin Berlin, Charit茅platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
  2. Department of Neurology, Campus Charit茅 Mitte, Charit茅鈥擴niversit盲tsmedizin Berlin, Charit茅platz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
  3. Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Luisenstr. 56, 10099, Berlin, Germany
  5. Department of Psychology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
  4. Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
  
• ISSN：1432-1106

文摘

Eye movements provide a direct link to study the allocation of overt attention to stimuli in the visual field. The initiation of saccades towards visual stimuli is known to be influenced by the bottom-up salience of stimuli as well as the motivational context of the task. Here, we asked whether the initiation of saccades is also influenced by the intrinsic motivational salience of a stimulus. Face stimuli were first associated with positive or negative motivational salience through instrumental learning. The same faces served as target stimuli in a subsequent saccade task, in which their motivational salience was no longer task-relevant. Participants performed either voluntary saccades, which required the selection of the saccade target out of two simultaneously presented stimuli (experiment 1), or reactive saccades, where only the target stimulus was presented (experiment 2). We found a specific effect of learned positive stimulus value on the latencies of voluntary saccades: For faces with high versus low positive motivational salience, saccadic latencies were significantly reduced. No such difference was observed for previously punished faces. In contrast, reactive saccades to both previously rewarded and punished faces were unaffected by learned stimulus value. Our findings show for the first time that saccadic preparation is susceptible to the acquired intrinsic motivational salience of visual stimuli. Based on the observation that only voluntary saccades but not reactive saccades were modulated, we conclude that the recruitment of neural processes for target identification is required to allow for an influence of motivational stimulus salience on saccadic preparation.