Spontaneous transformation of human granulosa cell tumours into an aggressive phenotype: a metastasis model cell line

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• 作者：Misa Imai (1) (2)
  Miho Muraki (1)
  Kiyoshi Takamatsu (3)
  Hidekazu Saito (1)
  Motoharu Seiki (2)
  Yuji Takahashi (1)
  
• 刊名：BMC Cancer
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：December 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：8
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1044KB
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  31. The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/319/prepub
  
• 作者单位：Misa Imai (1) (2)
  Miho Muraki (1)
  Kiyoshi Takamatsu (3)
  Hidekazu Saito (1)
  Motoharu Seiki (2)
  Yuji Takahashi (1)
  
  1. Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Perinatal Medicine and Maternal Care, National Center for Child Health and Development, 157-8535, Tokyo, Japan
  2. Division of Cancer Cell Research, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
  3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 272-8513, Chiba, Japan
  
• ISSN：1471-2407

文摘

Background Granulosa cell tumours (GCTs) are frequently seen in menopausal women and are relatively indolent. Although the physiological properties of normal granulosa cells have been studied extensively, little is known about the molecular mechanism of GCT progression. Here, we characterise the unique behavioural properties of a granulosa tumour cell line, KGN cells, for the molecular analysis of GCT progression. Methods Population doubling was carried out to examine the proliferation capacity of KGN cells. Moreover, the invasive capacity of these cells was determined using the in vitro invasion assay. The expression level of tumour markers in KGN cells at different passages was then determined by Western blot analysis. Finally, the growth and metastasis of KGN cells injected subcutaneously (s.c.) into nude mice was observed 3 months after injection. Results During in vitro culture, the advanced passage KGN cells grew 2-fold faster than the early passage cells, as determined by the population doubling assay. Moreover, we found that the advanced passage cells were 2-fold more invasive than the early passage cells. The expression pattern of tumour markers, such as p53, osteopontin, BAX and BAG-1, supported the notion that with passage, KGN cells became more aggressive. Strikingly, KGN cells at both early and advanced passages metastasized to the bowel when injected s.c. into nude mice. In addition, more tumour nodules were formed when the advanced passage cells were implanted. Conclusion KGN cells cultured in vitro acquire an aggressive phenotype, which was confirmed by the analysis of cellular activities and the expression of biomarkers. Interestingly, KGN cells injected s.c. are metastatic with nodule formation occurring mostly in the bowel. Thus, this cell line is a good model for analysing GCT progression and the mechanism of metastasis in vivo.