Manufacturing and Security Challenges in 3D Printing

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• 作者：Steven Eric Zeltmann ; Nikhil Gupta ; Nektarios Georgios Tsoutsos ; Michail Maniatakos…
• 刊名：JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：68
• 期：7
• 页码：1872-1881
• 全文大小：1,613 KB
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Materials Science
  Metallic Materials
  Nanotechnology
  Crystallography
  
• 出版者：Springer Boston
• ISSN：1543-1851
• 卷排序：68

文摘

As the manufacturing time, quality, and cost associated with additive manufacturing (AM) continue to improve, more and more businesses and consumers are adopting this technology. Some of the key benefits of AM include customizing products, localizing production and reducing logistics. Due to these and numerous other benefits, AM is enabling a globally distributed manufacturing process and supply chain spanning multiple parties, and hence raises concerns about the reliability of the manufactured product. In this work, we first present a brief overview of the potential risks that exist in the cyber-physical environment of additive manufacturing. We then evaluate the risks posed by two different classes of modifications to the AM process which are representative of the challenges that are unique to AM. The risks posed are examined through mechanical testing of objects with altered printing orientation and fine internal defects. Finite element analysis and ultrasonic inspection are also used to demonstrate the potential for decreased performance and for evading detection. The results highlight several scenarios, intentional or unintentional, that can affect the product quality and pose security challenges for the additive manufacturing supply chain.