Proposal for subclassification of type I dens axis fractures according to Anderson and D’Alonzo

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• 作者：Prof. Dr. med. Dr. iur. h.c. K.-S. Saternus
• 关键词：Cervical vertebrae ; Odontoid process ; Classification ; Biomechanics ; Ligaments
• 刊名：Rechtsmedizin
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：27
• 期：1
• 页码：20-26
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine/Public Health, general; Forensic Medicine;
• 出版者：Springer Medizin
• ISSN：1434-5196
• 卷排序：27

文摘

BackgroundRecent traumatological and clinical literature still commonly classify fractures of the dens apex according to the system described by Anderson and D’Alonzo (A&A) in 1974. The classification distinguishes between oblique fractures through the upper odontoid process (type I) and two types of fractures involving the body of the dens (type II) or axis (type III). The existing level of evidence is limited because of the low reported incidence of type I fractures (1–3%) among all dens fractures. Collected postmortem data, however, suggest greater non-uniformity than previously assumed; therefore, the aim is to propose a further subclassification of type I into four distinctive subtypes (I-A to I‑D).