How Can Urban Policies Improve Air Quality and Help Mitigate Global Climate Change: a Systematic Mapping Review
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- 作者：Anne Dorothée Slovic ; Maria Aparecida de Oliveira ; João Biehl…
- 关键词：Megacities ; Climate change ; Urban health ; Air pollution ; Public policy ; Vehicle emissions ; Air quality control
- 刊名：Journal of Urban Health
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：February 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：93
- 期：1
- 页码：73-95
- 全文大小：587 KB
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Maria Aparecida de Oliveira (1)
João Biehl (2)
Helena Ribeiro (1)
1. School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-90, Brazil
2. Department of Anthropology and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 128 Aaron Burr Hall, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA - 刊物主题：Public Health; Health Informatics; Epidemiology;
- 出版者：Springer US
- ISSN：1468-2869
文摘
Tackling climate change at the global level is central to a growing field of scientific research on topics such as environmental health, disease burden, and its resulting economic impacts. At the local level, cities constitute an important hub of atmospheric pollution due to the large amount of pollutants that they emit. As the world population shifts to urban centers, cities will increasingly concentrate more exposed populations. Yet, there is still significant progress to be made in understanding the contribution of urban pollutants other than CO2, such as vehicle emissions, to global climate change. It is therefore particularly important to study how local governments are managing urban air pollution. This paper presents an overview of local air pollution control policies and programs that aim to reduce air pollution levels in megacities. It also presents evidence measuring their efficacy. The paper argues that local air pollution policies are not only beneficial for cities but are also important for mitigating and adapting to global climate change. The results systematize several policy approaches used around the world and suggest the need for more in-depth cross-city studies with the potential to highlight best practices both locally and globally. Finally, it calls for the inclusion of a more human rights-based approach as a mean of guaranteeing of clean air for all and reducing factors that exacerbate climate change.