Structural analysis of hanging wall and footwall blocks within the Río Guanajibo fold-and-thrust belt in Southwest Puerto Rico

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• 作者：Daniel A. Laó-Dávila ; Pablo A. Llerandi-Román
• 关键词：Thrust faults ; Kinematic analysis ; Caribbean ; Foreland ; Island arc ; Bivergent
• 刊名：International Journal of Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：106
• 期：1
• 页码：1-17
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Geology; Geophysics/Geodesy; Sedimentology; Structural Geology; Mineral Resources; Geochemistry;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1437-3262
• 卷排序：106

文摘

The Río Guanajibo fold-and-thrust belt (RGFT), composed of Cretaceous serpentinite and volcano-sedimentary rocks, represents the deformation front of a contractional event in SW Puerto Rico during the Paleogene. Previous studies inferred structural and stratigraphic relationships from poorly exposed outcrops. New road cuts exposed the Yauco (YF) and El Rayo Formations (ERF) providing insights on the deformation of the hanging wall and footwall. We described the nature and orientation of faults and folds and analyzed the kinematic indicators to characterize the deformation. The YF occurs in the hanging wall and shows a sequence of folded, medium-bedded mudstone and thinly bedded shale and sandstone. Major folds strike NW–SE and are gentle with steeply inclined axial planes and sub-horizontal fold axes. Minor folds are open with moderately inclined axial planes and gently to moderately inclined SE-plunging fold axes. NW–SE striking reverse and thrust faults cut layers and show movement to the SW. Steep left-lateral faults strike NW–SE and NE–SW, and smaller right-lateral strike-slip faults strike NNE–SSW. At the footwall, the ERF consists of bioclastic limestone and polymictic orthoconglomerates and paraconglomerates. Reverse and strike-slip faults cut along lithological contacts. Results suggest that the hanging wall and footwall accommodated strain along preexisting weaknesses, which are dependent on lithology and sedimentary structures. The kinematic analysis suggests that shortening in the NE–SW direction was partitioned between folding and interlayer shortening, accommodated by flexural slip, and reverse and left-lateral faults that resulted from contraction. The RGFT represents the Paleogene back arc deformation of a bivergent thrust system.