Epigenetics mechanisms in renal development

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• 作者：Sylvia A. Hilliard ; Samir S. El-Dahr
• 刊名：Pediatric Nephrology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：31
• 期：7
• 页码：1055-1060
• 全文大小：500 KB
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Pediatrics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-198X
• 卷排序：31

文摘

Appreciation for the role of epigenetic modifications in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases is fast gaining attention. Treatment of chronic kidney disease stemming from diabetes or hypertension as well as Wilms tumor will all profit from knowledge of the changes in the epigenomic landscapes. To do so, it is essential to characterize the epigenomic modifiers and their modifications under normal physiological conditions. The transcription factor Pax2 was identified as a major epigenetic player in the early specification of the kidney. Notably, the progenitors of all nephrons that reside in the cap mesenchyme display a unique bivalent histone signature (expressing repressive epigenetic marks alongside activation marks) on lineage-specific genes. These cells are deemed poised for differentiation and commitment to the nephrogenic lineage. In response to the appropriate inducing signal, these genes lose their repressive histone marks, which allow for their expression in nascent nephron precursors. Such knowledge of the epigenetic landscape and the resultant cell fate or behavior in the developing kidney will greatly improve the overall success in designing regenerative strategies and tissue reprogramming methodologies from pluripotent cells.KeywordsKidney developmentHistone codeEpigeneticsNephrogenesisNephron progenitors