Tree shelters affect shoot and root system growth and structure in Quercus robur during regeneration establishment

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Barbara Mariotti ; Alberto Maltoni…
• 关键词：Pedunculate oak ; Root system ; Shoot system ; Biomass allocation ; Morphological attributes ; Tree shelters ; Nursery stocktype
• 刊名：European Journal of Forest Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：July 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：134
• 期：4
• 页码：641-652
• 全文大小：626 KB
• 参考文献：Ammer C (2003) Growth and biomass partitioning of Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus robur L. seedlings in response to shading and small changes in the R/FR-ratio of radiation. Ann For Sci 60:163-71View Article
  Andrews DM, Barton CD, Czapka SJ, Kolka RK, Sweeney BW (2010) Influence of tree shelters on seedling success in an afforested riparian zone. New For 39:157-67View Article
  Balandier P, Dupraz C (1999) Growth of widely spaced trees. A case study from young agroforestry plantations in France. Agrofor Syst 43:151-67View Article
  Barthelemy D, Caraglio Y (2007) Plant architecture: a dynamic, multilevel and comprehensive approach to plant form, structure and ontogeny. Ann Bot 99(3):375-07View Article PubMed Central PubMed
  Bellot J, Ortiz de Urbina JM, Bonet A, Sanchez JR (2002) The effect of tree shelters on the growth of Quercus coccifera L. seedlings in a semiarid environment. Forestry 75:89-06View Article
  Bergez JE, Dupraz ZC (1997) Transpiration rate of Prunus avium L. seedlings inside an unventilated tree shelter. For Ecol Manag 97:255-64View Article
  Bergez JE, Dupraz ZC (2000) Effect of ventilation on growth of Prunus avium seedlings grown in tree shelters. Agric For Meteorol 104:199-14View Article
  Bobinac M, Batos B, Miljkovi? D, Radulovi? S (2012) Polycyclism and phenological variability in the common oak (Quercus robur L.). Arch Biol Sci Belgrade 64:97-05View Article
  Bohanek JR, Groninger JW (2003) Impacts growth and bole quality at mid-rotation of intensive management on black walnut (Juglans nigra L.). For Sci 49:522-29
  Bolte A, L?f M (2010) Root spatial distribution and biomass partitioning in Quercus robur L. seedlings: the effects of mounding site preparation in oak plantations. Eur J For Res 129:603-12View Article
  Borchert R (1975) Endogenous shoot growth rhythms and indeterminate shoot growth in oak. Physiol Plant 35:152-57View Article
  Bulfin M, Radford T (1999a) Effect of early formative shaping on newly planted broadleaves, part 2. Height and diameter growth. Ir For 55:52-1
  Bulfin M, Radford T (1999b) Effect of early formative shaping on newly planted broadleaves, part 1, quality. Ir For 55:35-1
  Buresti E, Sestini L (1994) Effetti delle protezioni individuali su giovani piante di farnia (Quercus robur L.). Annali Istituto Sperimentale per la Selvicoltura XXII:227-39
  Burger DW, ?vihra P, Harris R (1992) Treeshelter use in producing container-grown trees. HortScience 27:30-2
  Burger DW, Forister GW, Kiehl PA (1996) Height, caliper growth, and biomass response of ten shade tree species to tree shelters. J Arboric 22:161-66
  Carvalho J, Marques P, Torres F (1997) Growth Response of Quercus rubra to different establishment and management techniques in an agroforestry system in Northwestern Portugal. In: Proceedings of the international workshop of agroforestry for sustainable land-use. Montpellier, France, 23-9 June, pp 119-25
  Cassens DL (2004) Factors affecting the quality of hardwood timber and logs for face veneer. Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, FNR-239, p 12
  Castro L, Jiménez P, Díaz-Fernández PM, Aranda I, Iglesias S, Gil L (2003) Review of the activities related to Mediterranean Oaks conservation in Spain. In: Bozzano M, Turok J (eds) 2003 Mediterranean Oaks Network, Report of the second meeting, 2- May 2002 Gozo, Malta. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy, pp 13-4
  Cline MG, Harrington CA (2007) Apical dominance and apical control in multiple flushing of temperate woody species. Can J For Res 37:74-3View Article
  Collet C, Frochot H (1996) Effects of interspecific competition on periodic shoot elongation in oak seedlings. Can J For Res 26:1934-942View Article
  Coutand C, Dupraz C, Jaouen G, Ploquin S, Adam B (2008) Mechanical stimuli regulate the allocation of biomass in trees: demonstration with young Prunus avium trees. Ann Bot Lond 101:1421-432View Article
  Del Campo AD, Navarro RM, Aguilella A, Gonzalez E (2006) Effect of tree shelter design on water condensation and run-off and its potential benefit for reforestation establishment in semiarid climates. For Ecol Manag 235:107-15View Article
  Dias AS, Tomé J, Tavares P, Nunes J, Pereira JS (1992) The effect of individual tree shelters in growth and morphology of cork oak seedlings. Scientia Gerundensis 18:91-8
  Drénou C (2000) Pruning trees: the problem of forks. J Arboric 26:264-69
  Dubois MR, Chappelka AH, Robbins E, Somers G, Baker K (2000) Tree shelters and weed control: effects on protection, survival and growth of cherrybark oak seedlings planted on a cutover site. New For 20:105-18View Article
  Ducousso A, Bordacs S (2004) EUFORGEN Technical Guidelines for genetic conservation and use for pedunculate and sessile oaks (Quercus robur and Quercus petraea). International Plant Genetic Resources Institu
• 作者单位：Barbara Mariotti (1)
  Alberto Maltoni (1)
  Douglass F. Jacobs (2)
  Andrea Tani (1)
  
  1. Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi Agrari, Alimentari e Forestali (GESAAF), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via San Bonaventura 13, 50135, Florence, Italy
  2. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, Purdue University, 715 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
  
• 刊物主题：Forestry; Plant Sciences; Plant Ecology;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1612-4677

文摘

Tree shelters are used in many forestry applications because they often improve survival, may stimulate early growth, and can help to maintain apical dominance. Quercus robur, widely used in multipurpose plantings in Europe, usually grows slowly and loses apical dominance in the early stages after establishment. We examined tree shelter effects on Q. robur seedling field establishment in Italy, focusing on the influence on shoot system structure (branching, apical dominance), root system development, and shoot versus root system balance. Three field treatments were evaluated: control and two diameter shelters. After 2?years, plants were measured by destructive analysis. Shelters increased height, as a result of multiple flushes during the growing season, which became more pronounced from the first to the second field season. Sheltered seedlings had fewer, shorter branches and maintained apical dominance. Both shoot and root system biomass allocation in sheltered plants was reduced relative to unprotected plants, and biomass was allocated mostly to the shoot system. In contrast, plants without shelters invested more resources toward a larger, wider root system. We conclude that shelters modify the above- and below-ground structure and balance of regenerating oak seedlings in the early field stages, promoting development of productive plantations that may require reduced cultural intensity. However, above-ground growth was not equally balanced by below-ground development, which may lead to disadvantages especially under harsh site conditions.