Quantitative analysis of reusing agricultural water to compensate for water supply deficiencies in the Nile Delta irrigation network

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• 作者：A. Khater ; Y. Kitamura ; K. Shimizu ; W. Abou El Hassan…
• 关键词：Backflow ; Canal operation performance ; Drainage water reuse ; Irrigation management ; Nile Delta ; Water supply indicators
• 刊名：Paddy and Water Environment
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：13
• 期：4
• 页码：367-378
• 全文大小：615 KB
• 参考文献：Abdel-Azim R, Allam MN (2005) Agricultural drainage water reuse in Egypt: strategic issues and mitigation measures. In: Bogliotti C, El Gamal F, Guelloubi R, Hamdy A, Lamaddalena N (eds) Non-conventional water use: WASAMED project, vol 53. International Center for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, Cairo, pp 105-17
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• 作者单位：A. Khater (1)
  Y. Kitamura (2)
  K. Shimizu (3)
  W. Abou El Hassan (4)
  H. Fujimaki (2)
  
  1. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
  2. Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390, Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan
  3. Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
  4. National Water Research Center, WMRI, Delta Barrage NWRC Building, Cairo, 13621/5, Egypt
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Agriculture
  Hydrogeology
  Geoecology and Natural Processes
  Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
  Soil Science and Conservation
  Waste Water Technology, Water Pollution Control, Water Management and Aquatic Pollution
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1611-2504

文摘

The main problem facing farmers in the Nile Delta is water shortages at the ends of irrigation networks and canals. These problems have worsened as water demands have increased. Egypt’s Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation is currently trying to avoid water deficits by returning agricultural drainage water to the irrigation canals. In the Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, some canals have an oversupply in some months and deficits in others. Ministry officials started a project by constructing culverts connected canal ends with the main drain (Bhr Nashrat) to provide supplemental agricultural drainage backflows (SADB) channeled through these culverts. However, this return is not controlled, and flows are based only on differences in the hydraulic head. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of SADB to counteract water shortages when the water supply from head regulators (WSHR) is insufficient. Our analysis considered the adequacy of the water supply and indicators of dependability and equity of supply. We tested two water supply conditions: (1) WSHR only and (2) WSHR plus SADB. During the summer (May–September) of 2008, SADB significantly improved the system’s ability to meet the irrigation water requirements (IWR) in some months. Adequacy and dependability, therefore, improved from “fair-to “good.-During the following winter (October–April), SADB improved adequacy and equity only in March and April, since water availability was generally sufficient under WSHR. Keywords Backflow Canal operation performance Drainage water reuse Irrigation management Nile Delta Water supply indicators