Mitochondrial respiration of the photosynthesizing cell

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• 作者：E. V. Garmash
• 关键词：plants ; photosynthesis ; respiration in the light ; mitochondria ; chloroplasts ; respiratory substrates ; tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) ; photorespiration ; alternative oxidase ; type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenases ; nonphosphorylating pathways
• 刊名：Russian Journal of Plant Physiology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：63
• 期：1
• 页码：13-25
• 全文大小：479 KB
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• 作者单位：E. V. Garmash (1)
  
  1. Institute of Biology, Komi Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kommunisticheskaya 28, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Physiology
  Plant Sciences
  Russian Library of Science
  
• 出版者：MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica distributed exclusively by Springer Science+Business Media LLC.
• ISSN：1608-3407

文摘

Current notions on respiration of photosynthesizing cells are reviewed. Over the past three decades, the modern methods based on isotope techniques and reverse and molecular genetics provided convincing evidence that mitochondrial respiration is functional in the light and contributes to the creation of optimal conditions for photosynthesis and for protection of cells from photodegradation. Novel data are presented on the substrates that are used for respiration in the light. Individual respiration steps are considered in the context of their possible role in photosynthesizing cells. The mechanisms and carriers mediating the export of reducing equivalents from chloroplasts for their subsequent oxidation in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain are discussed. The regulation of nonphosphorylating (unrelated to energy generation) electron transport pathways mediated by alternative oxidase and alternative type II NADPH-dehydrogenases, as well as the role of uncoupling proteins in plant mitochondria, are analyzed. These components were shown to play a significant role in NAD(P)H oxidation for maintaining the redox balance in mitochondria and whole green cells. A generalized scheme of biochemical interactions between organelles—chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes—is presented. The directions for future research are outlined.