Cutaneous Manifestations in Dermatomyositis: Key Clinical and Serological Features—a Comprehensive Review

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• 作者：Yoshinao Muro ; Kazumitsu Sugiura…
• 关键词：Anti ; MDA5 antibody ; Anti ; Mi ; 2 antibody ; Anti ; TIF1γ antibody ; Cutaneous manifestation ; Dermatomyositis ; Myositis ; associated autoantibody
• 刊名：Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：51
• 期：3
• 页码：293-302
• 全文大小：
• 刊物主题：Allergology; Immunology; Internal Medicine;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1559-0267
• 卷排序：51

文摘

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. The pathogenesis is considered to be microangiopathy affecting skin and muscle. The cutaneous manifestations of DM are the most important aspect of this disease, and their correct evaluation is important for early diagnosis. The skin signs are various: Some are pathognomonic or highly characteristic, and others are compatible with DM. Recently, DM has been categorized into several disease subsets based on the various autoantibodies present in patients. Sometimes, characteristic cutaneous manifestations are strongly associated with the presence of specific autoantibodies. For example, anti-Mi-2 antibody is associated with the classic features of DM, including heliotrope rash, Gottron’s papules, the V-neck sign, the shawl sign, cuticular overgrowth, and photosensitivity. Frequent cutaneous features in anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma (TIF1γ)-positive patients are diffuse photoerythema, including “dusky red face,” while skin ulcerations, palmar papules (inverse Gottron), diffuse hair loss, panniculitis, and oral pain and/or ulcers are sometimes associated with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 product (MDA5) antibody. Here, we review important cutaneous manifestations seen in patients with DM, and we examine the relationship between the skin changes and myositis-associated autoantibodies. Correct evaluation of cutaneous manifestations and myositis-associated autoantibodies should help the clinician in the early diagnosis of DM, for a quick recognition of cutaneous signs that may be the symptom of onset before muscle inflammation.