Effects of tobacco smoking during pregnancy on oxidative stress in the umbilical cord and mononuclear blood cells of neonates

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• 作者：Ednildes de Almeida Olympio Rua (1)
  Marcella Leite Porto (2)
  Jean Pierre Louzada Ramos (1)
  Breno Valentim Nogueira (3)
  Silvana dos Santos Meyrelles (2)
  Elisardo Corral Vasquez (1) (2)
  Thiago de Melo Costa Pereira (1) (4)
  
  1. Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program ; Vila Velha University (UVV) ; Av. Comiss谩rio Jos茅 Dantas de Melo ; n掳21 ; 29102-920 ; Boa Vista ; Vila Velha ; ES ; Brazil
  2. Laboratory of Translational Physiology ; Health Sciences Center ; Federal University of Espirito Santo ; Vitoria ; Brazil
  3. Laboratory of Morphology ; UFES ; Health Sciences Center ; Federal University of Espirito Santo ; Vitoria ; Brazil
  4. Federal Institute of Education ; Science and Technology (IFES) ; Vila Velha ; ES ; Brazil
  
• 关键词：Cigarette smoke ; Cord blood ; Oxidative stress ; Pregnant women ; Apoptosis
• 刊名：Journal of Biomedical Science
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：21
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1,077 KB
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• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Biomedicine
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1423-0127

文摘

Background Although cigarette smoke is known to be a complex mixture of over 4000 substances that can lead to damage through active or passive smoking, its mechanisms and biochemical consequences in pregnancy and neonates are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, we propose to study the impact of smoking during gestation on the viability of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from umbilical cords of newborns to assess the degree of oxidative stress and cell viability. After childbirth, the cord blood and the umbilical cord were immediately collected in public hospitals in Greater Vitoria, ES, Brazil. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cord blood followed by biochemical and histological tests to analyze possible changes in the umbilical cord. Results Pregnant smokers had a reduction of MNC viability from the umbilical cord (10%), an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in cell apoptosis (~2-fold) compared to pregnant non-smokers. In the umbilical cord, it was observed an increase of advanced oxidation protein products - AOPP (~2.5-fold) and a loss of the typical architecture and disposition of endothelial cells from the umbilical artery. Conclusions These data suggest that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy (even in small amounts) may compromise the viability of MNC cells and damage the umbilical cord structure, possibly by excessive ROS bioavailability.