Managing Sour Service in Oil Export and Onshore Pipelines: A Case Study

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• 作者：D. Ifezue (1)
  V. C. Nettikaden (2)
  
• 关键词：Hardness ; Corrosion failure analysis ; Environmentally assisted cracking
• 刊名：Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：June 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：13
• 期：3
• 页码：264-273
• 全文大小：976KB
• 参考文献：1. The Pipelines Safety Regulations 1996. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/
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• 作者单位：D. Ifezue (1)
  V. C. Nettikaden (2)
  
  1. Wood Group Integrity Management, Staines, TW18 1DT, UK
  2. Perenco UK Ltd, Thames House, Norfolk, Great Yarmouth, NR31 0DW, UK
  
• ISSN：1864-1245

文摘

Thirteen extended H2S excursions (19.64聽mg/l maximum) above the Standard Operating Limit (SOL, 6.7聽mg/l), recorded for the export and onshore pipeline systems in January 2010, contravened the Pipelines Safety Regulations (PSR) 1996 and triggered an assessment to determine the safety of continued operation in a sour service condition. Sampling and monitoring results were assessed and the pH and H2S partial pressures were found not to align with any of the ISO 15156 SCC regions of environmental severity (0, 1, 2 and 3). Both pipelines were, therefore, considered safe for continued operation as long as pH remained near-neutral above 6.5. Since pH was found to be the main driver for SSCC risk, pH analysis has been recommended for every pig receipt with H2S and CO2 excursions being the main triggers. Also the high risk of HIC should be mitigated by maintaining pH at near-neutral levels. Very low H2S levels have been achieved by pigging, biociding and scavenging and low corrosivities by adequate corrosion inhibition. Weld root hardness of the export pipeline (295 HV10) is out of compliance with ISO 15156 hardness requirements for operating in the SCC region 0 (275 HV10). Risk-based inspection (RBI) reviews are recommended to determine inspection techniques and frequencies appropriate for all susceptible weldments.