Carotid duplex ultrasound and transcranial Doppler findings in commercial divers and pilots

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• 作者：Banafshe Dormanesh ; Kia Vosoughi ; Fahimeh H. Akhoundi…
• 关键词：Pilots ; Divers ; Atherosclerosis ; Carotid duplex ultrasound ; Transcranial Doppler
• 刊名：Neurological Sciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：37
• 期：12
• 页码：1911-1916
• 全文大小：354 KB
• 刊物类别：Medicine
• 刊物主题：Medicine & Public Health
  Neurology
  Neuroradiology
  Neurosurgery
  Psychiatry
  
• 出版者：Springer Milan
• ISSN：1590-3478
• 卷排序：37

文摘

The risky working environments of divers and pilots, and the possible role of extreme ambient pressure in carotid stenosis, make ischemic stroke an important occupational concern among these professionals. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of being exposed to hyperbaric or hypobaric conditions with carotid artery stenosis by comparing common carotid intima-media thickness (CCIMT) and blood flow velocities of cerebral arteries in divers and pilots using carotid duplex ultrasound (CDUS) and transcranial Doppler (TCD). CDUS and transtemporal TCD were performed in 29 divers, 36 pilots and 30 control participants. Medical history, blood pressure, lipid profile and blood sugar were recorded to control the previously well-known risk factors of atherosclerosis. Findings of the CDUS and TCD [including: CCIMT and blood flow velocities of internal carotid artery (ICA), common carotid artery (CCA), and middle cerebral artery (MCA)] of divers and pilots were compared with those of the control group using regression analysis models. Both right and left side CCIMT were significantly higher in divers (P < 0.05) and pilots (P < 0.05) in comparison with the control group. Carotid index [peak systolic velocity (PSV) of ICA/PSV of CCA) of divers and pilots were also higher than the control group. TCD findings were not significantly different between divers, pilots, and the control group. Increased CCIMT and carotid index in diver and pilot groups appear to be suggestive of accelerated atherosclerosis of carotid artery in these occupational groups.