The influence of temperature on the flight capacity of emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis and its parasitoid, Tetrastichus planipennisi: implications to biological control

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• 作者：Samuel J. Fahrner ; Jonathan P. Lelito ; Brian H. Aukema
• 关键词：Coleoptera ; Buprestidae ; Hymenoptera ; Eulophidae ; Dispersal ; Host–parasitoid interactions
• 刊名：BioControl
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：August 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：60
• 期：4
• 页码：437-449
• 全文大小：573 KB
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• 作者单位：Samuel J. Fahrner (1)
  Jonathan P. Lelito (2) (3)
  Brian H. Aukema (1)
  
  1. Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
  2. USDA APHIS PPQ, Emerald Ash Borer––Biological Control, 5936 Ford Court Suite 200, Brighton, MI, 48116, USA
  3. BASF Corporation, 26 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Evolutionary Biology
  Plant Pathology
  Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/ Biogeography
  Plant Sciences
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-8248

文摘

The success of classical biological control programs often hinges on an appropriate climatic match between a novel ecosystem and an imported natural enemy. In particular, temperature is the most important factor mediating survival, developmental synchrony, and dispersal of invasive pests and their natural enemies. We used computer-monitored flight mills to investigate the roles of temperature and humidity in the flight distance, flight speed, number of flights, and post-flight mortality of emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and its parasitoid Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in laboratory settings. Flight distance had a concave, parabolic relationship with temperature for both insects. Maximum flight distances in 24?h occurred at 27.9?°C (1.13?km) for emerald ash borer and 26.5?°C (1.81?km) for T. planipennisi. Flight speed and post-flight mortality increased with temperature for both insects. Relative humidity was inversely related to flight speeds for emerald ash borer, but positively correlated with the number of flights and post-flight survival by T. planipennisi. We integrated the relationship between flight distance and temperature for both insects with landscape temperatures and flight periods for insects at ten locations across the continental USA to develop a flight index. The flight index offers a relative scale of flight capacity across locations based solely on temperature. We found that the flight index for Detroit was intermediate to low compared to other locations, with the smallest and largest flight indices projected in Minneapolis and Seattle for emerald ash borer and Seattle and Atlanta for T. planipennisi. The implications of results for host–parasitoid dispersal patterns and release protocols for distributing T. planipennisi are discussed.