Non-linear responses of glaciated prairie wetlands to climate warming

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• 作者：W. Carter Johnson ; Brett Werner ; Glenn R. Guntenspergen
• 刊名：Climatic Change
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：134
• 期：1-2
• 页码：209-223
• 全文大小：5,391 KB
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• 作者单位：W. Carter Johnson (1)
  Brett Werner (2)
  Glenn R. Guntenspergen (3)
  
  1. Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
  2. Environmental Studies, Centre College, Danville, KY, 40422, USA
  3. Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, U. S. Geological Survey, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Meteorology and Climatology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1480

文摘

The response of ecosystems to climate warming is likely to include threshold events when small changes in key environmental drivers produce large changes in an ecosystem. Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) are especially sensitive to climate variability, yet the possibility that functional changes may occur more rapidly with warming than expected has not been examined or modeled. The productivity and biodiversity of these wetlands are strongly controlled by the speed and completeness of a vegetation cover cycle driven by the wet and dry extremes of climate. Two thresholds involving duration and depth of standing water must be exceeded every few decades or so to complete the cycle and to produce highly functional wetlands. Model experiments at 19 weather stations employing incremental warming scenarios determined that wetland function across most of the PPR would be diminished beyond a climate warming of about 1.5–2.0 °C, a critical temperature threshold range identified in other climate change studies. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.​1007/​s10584-015-1534-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.