Assessment of microbial viability in municipal sludge following ultrasound and microwave pretreatments and resulting impacts on the efficiency of anaerobic sludge digestion
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- 作者：Monica Angela Cella ; Deniz Akgul…
- 关键词：Anaerobic digestion ; Sludge pretreatment ; Microwave irradiation ; Ultrasonication ; Microbial viability ; Municipal waste
- 刊名：Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：March 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：100
- 期：6
- 页码：2855-2868
- 全文大小：886 KB
- 参考文献：American Public Health Association (APHA) (2005) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Washington DC USA.
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Deniz Akgul (1) (2)
Cigdem Eskicioglu (1)
1. UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1137 Alumni Ave., Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Marmara University, Goztepe Campus, Kadikoy, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey - 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
- 刊物主题：Chemistry
Biotechnology
Microbiology
Microbial Genetics and Genomics - 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
- ISSN：1432-0614
文摘
A range of ultrasonication (US) and microwave irradiation (MW) sludge pretreatments were compared to determine the extent of cellular destruction in micro-organisms within secondary sludge and how this cellular destruction translated to anaerobic digestion (AD). Cellular lysis/inactivation was measured using two microbial viability assays, (1) Syto 16® Green and Sytox® Orange counter-assay to discern the integrity of cellular membranes and (2) a fluorescein diacetate assay to understand relative enzymatic activity. A range of MW intensities (2.17–6.48 kJ/g total solids or TS, coinciding temperatures of 60–160 °C) were selected for comparison via viability assays; a range of corresponding US intensities (2.37–27.71 kJ/g TS, coinciding sonication times of 10–60 min at different amplitudes) were also compared to this MW range. The MW pretreatment of thickened waste activated sludge (tWAS) caused fourfold to fivefold greater cell death than non-pretreated and US-pretreated tWAS. The greatest microbial destruction occurred at MW intensities greater than 2.62 kJ/g TS of sludge, after which increased energy input via MW did not appear to cause greater microbial death. In addition, the optimal MW pretreatment (80 °C, 2.62 kJ/g TS) and corresponding US pretreatment (10 min, 60 % amplitude, 2.37 kJ/g TS) were administered to the tWAS of a mixed sludge and fed to anaerobic digesters over sludge retention times (SRTs) of 20, 14, and 7 days to compare effects of feed pretreatment on AD efficiency. The digester utilizing MW-pretreated tWAS (80 °C, 2.62 kJ/g TS) had the greatest fecal coliform removal (73.4 and 69.8 % reduction, respectively), greatest solids removal (44.2 % TS reduction), and highest overall methane production (248.2 L CH4/kg volatile solids) at 14- and 7-day SRTs. However, despite the fourfold to fivefold increases in cell death upon pretreatment, improvements from the digester fed MW-pretreated sludge were marginal (i.e., increases in efficiency of less than 3–10 %) and likely due to a smaller proportion of cells (10–20 %) in the polymeric network and mixed sludge fed to digesters.