Disrupted development and imbalanced function in the global neuronal workspace: a positive-feedback mechanism for the emergence of ASD in early infancy

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• 作者：Chris Fields ; James F. Glazebrook
• 关键词：Categorization ; Connectome ; Predictive coding ; Prenatal development ; Resting ; state networks ; Small ; world networks
• 刊名：Cognitive Neurodynamics
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：11
• 期：1
• 页码：1-21
• 全文大小：
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine, general; Neurosciences; Computer Science, general; Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics); Biochemistry, general; Cognitive Psychology;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1871-4099
• 卷排序：11

文摘

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasingly being conceptualized as a spectrum disorder of connectome development. We review evidence suggesting that ASD is characterized by a positive feedback loop that amplifies small functional variations in early-developing sensory-processing pathways into structural and functional imbalances in the global neuronal workspace. Using vision as an example, we discuss how early functional variants in visual processing may be feedback-amplified to produce variant object categories and disrupted top-down expectations, atypically large expectation-to-perception mismatches, problems re-identifying individual people and objects, socially inappropriate, generally aversive emotional responses and disrupted sensory-motor coordination. Viewing ASD in terms of feedback amplification of small functional variants allows a number of recent models of ASD to be integrated with neuroanatomical, neurofunctional and genetic data.